Dr. Robert Cialdini's Seven Principles of Persuasion | IAW (2024)

The First Universal Principle of Influence is Reciprocity

Simply put, people are obliged to give back to others the form of a behavior, gift, or service that they have received first.

If a friend invites you to their party, there’s an obligation for you to invite them to a future party you are hosting. If a colleague does you a favor, then you owe that colleague a favor. And in the context of a social obligation people are more likely to say yes to those who they owe.

One of the best demonstrations of the Principle of Reciprocity comes from a series of studies conducted in restaurants. So the last time you visited a restaurant, there’s a good chance that the waiter or waitress will have given you a gift. Probably about the same time that they bring your bill. A liqueur, perhaps, or a fortune cookie, or perhaps a simple mint.

So here’s the question. Does the giving of a mint have any influence over how much tip you’re going to leave them? Most people will say no. But that mint can make a surprising difference. In the study, giving diners a single mint at the end of their meal typically increased tips by around 3%.

Interestingly, if the gift is doubled and two mints are provided, tips don’t double. They quadruple—a 14% increase in tips. But perhaps most interesting of all is the fact that if the waiter provides one mint, starts to walk away from the table, but pauses, turns back and says, “For you nice people, here’s an extra mint,” tips go through the roof. A 23% increase, influenced not by what was given, but how it was given.

So the key to using the Principle of Reciprocity is to be the first to give and to ensure that what you give is personalized and unexpected.

Dr. Robert Cialdini's Seven Principles of Persuasion | IAW (2024)

FAQs

Dr. Robert Cialdini's Seven Principles of Persuasion | IAW? ›

What are the 7 principles of persuasion? The 7 basic principles of persuasion were devised by Dr. Robert Cialdini and include: scarcity, authority, social proof, sympathy, reciprocity, consistency and later unity was added.

What is the 7th principle of persuasion Cialdini? ›

7. Unity: If you feel included, you're more likely to participate. The Unity principle is the shared identity that the influencer shares with the influencee. According to Cialdini, the Unity principle moves beyond surface level similarities (which can still be influential, but under the Liking principle).

What are the 7 steps of persuasion? ›

How to Use the 7 Principles of Influence for More Conversions
  • Reciprocity.
  • Commitment.
  • Social proof.
  • Authority.
  • Liking.
  • Scarcity.
  • Unity.

What is Cialdini's persuasion summary? ›

Cialdini's 6 Principles of Persuasion are reciprocity, scarcity, authority, commitment and consistency, liking and consensus. By understanding these rules, you can use them to persuade and influence others. Of course, doing so isn't always an ethical thing to do.

What are the 6 key categories of influence by Cialdini? ›

Cialdini's 6 principles of persuasion are reciprocity, commitment/consistency, social proof, authority, liking, and scarcity.

What are the 7 keys of influence? ›

The 7 basic principles of persuasion were devised by Dr. Robert Cialdini and include: scarcity, authority, social proof, sympathy, reciprocity, consistency and later unity was added.

What are the 7 influence strategies? ›

The seven influence tactics used in organizational behavior are used for different reasons. Study the types of power tactics which include legitimacy, rational persuasion, inspiration, consultation, exchange, personal appeal, and ingratiation.

What are the 7 principles of influencing executives? ›

By harnessing the power of reciprocity, commitment, social proof, authority, liking, scarcity, and unity, individuals can navigate various communication situations with finesse. It is crucial to remember that while these principles can be potent tools, ethical considerations should always be at the forefront.

What is the golden rule of persuasion? ›

The golden rule for being persuasive is straightforward: The golden rule of persuasion is to lay the groundwork; never suggest anything to anyone who isn't ready to comply — yet.

How many principles of persuasion are there? ›

ABOUT ROBERT CIALDINI

Through his time as a Professor of Psychology, he identified 6 principles of persuasion. These include Authority Reciprocity, Commitment or Consistency, Social Proof, Liking and Scarcity.

What is social proof theory by Robert Cialdini? ›

Social proof (or informational social influence) is a psychological and social phenomenon wherein people copy the actions of others in choosing how to behave in a given situation. The term was coined by Robert Cialdini in his 1984 book Influence: Science and Practice.

In which of Cialdini's principles of persuasion influence do people look to the actions and behaviors of others to determine their own? ›

The Sixth Principle is Social Proof

Especially when they are uncertain, people will look to the actions and behaviors of others to determine their own.

What is the law of liking? ›

According to the liking principle, we are more likely to be persuaded by people we like and those we want to be like. Put differently: the more you like someone, the more likely you are to say yes to them. The liking principle is one of the key principles of marketing psychology and principles of persuasion.

What is an example of liking Cialdini? ›

Liking. People are easily persuaded by other people that they like (Cialdini calls this liking, but it is basically just the affect heuristic talked about previously). People were more likely to buy Tupperware if they liked the person selling it to them.

What are the 4 C's of influence? ›

Competence, character, connection and culture are critical for effective influence and leadership.

What is the scarcity principle Cialdini? ›

The scarcity principle states that you value something more if it is scarce. Robert B. Cialdini in his textbook, Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion, defines it this way: “Opportunities seem more valuable to us when their availability is limited.”

What are the 14.2 principles of persuasion? ›

14.2 Principles of Persuasion
  • Reciprocity.
  • Scarcity.
  • Authority.
  • Commitment and consistency.
  • Consensus.
  • Liking.

What is the liking principle? ›

According to the liking principle, we are more likely to be persuaded by people we like and those we want to be like. Put differently: the more you like someone, the more likely you are to say yes to them. The liking principle is one of the key principles of marketing psychology and principles of persuasion.

What is an example of reciprocity persuasion? ›

“If you do something nice for me I'll do something nice for you. I feel obligated to reciprocate.” For example, if we go out to lunch and I pick up the bill, you almost always offer to pay for it next time. Next time we go out to lunch, you insist on paying for the bill.

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