A ten-fold dilution reduces the concentration of a solution ora suspension of virus by a factor of ten that is to one-tenth the originalconcentration. A series of ten-fold dilutions is described as ten-fold serialdilutions. In this manual, ten-fold serial dilutions are used in titrations of asuspension of Newcastle disease virus to establish the infectivity titre. Theyare carried out in small sterile test tubes. These tubes are usually made ofglass and it is preferable if they have fitted lids to minimize the risk ofcontamination during the dilution.
A ten-fold dilution
Step 1. | Use a micropipette to dispense 900 mL of the diluent to glass tube. |
Step 2. | Use a micropipette to transfer 100 mL of the test solution to the first well. Discard thetip. |
Step 3. | Mix by shaking by hand or using a vortex mixer. |
Step 4. | The well now contains 100 mL ofthe original test solution diluted by one tenth in a total volume of 1000 mL. |
Figure 26: A ten-folddilution
Ten-fold serial dilutions
Step 1. | Set up the sterilized glass test tubes in a rack. Label eachtube clearly to indicate the dilution of its contents after the ten-fold serialdilution has been carried out. |
Step 2. | Use a micropipette to dispense 900 mL of the diluent to all the labeled steriletubes. |
Step 3. | Use a micropipette to transfer 100 mL of the test solution to the first tube and mix. Thisis the first ten-fold dilution. |
Step 4. | Use a micropipette with new sterile tip to carry out a secondten-fold dilution. |
Step 5. | Continue the series of ten-fold dilutions until the lasttube. |
Figure 27: Ten-fold serialdilutions
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Now, let's delve into the concepts outlined in the article:
1. Dilution:
- Dilution involves reducing the concentration of a solution or suspension. In the described case, a ten-fold dilution reduces the concentration by a factor of ten, making it one-tenth of the original.
2. Ten-Fold Serial Dilutions:
- This refers to a series of dilutions where each step reduces the concentration by a factor of ten. In the context of the article, this technique is applied to titrate a suspension of Newcastle disease virus, determining its infectivity titre accurately.
3. Titrations:
- Titrations involve measuring the concentration of a solution by reacting it with a known volume and concentration of another substance. In this case, ten-fold serial dilutions are used in titrations to establish the infectivity titre of the Newcastle disease virus.
4. Micropipette:
- A micropipette is a precision instrument used for accurately measuring and transferring small volumes of liquids. It is employed in both the ten-fold dilution and ten-fold serial dilutions steps described in the article.
5. Sterile Techniques:
- Maintaining sterility is crucial in microbiological work to prevent contamination. The use of small sterile test tubes, sterile tips for micropipettes, and the setup of sterilized glass test tubes in a rack illustrate the importance of sterile techniques in this process.
6. Vortex Mixer:
- A vortex mixer is a device used to mix small vials of liquid by creating a vortex, ensuring thorough and consistent mixing. It is mentioned in the article as a method to mix the contents of the test tubes during the dilution process.
7. Glass Test Tubes:
- Glass test tubes are utilized for conducting the dilutions. They are preferred for their transparency and inertness. Fitted lids are recommended to minimize the risk of contamination.
8. Diluent:
- The diluent is the solution used to dilute the original test solution. In the provided steps, 900 mL of the diluent is dispensed into the glass tube before transferring 100 mL of the test solution, initiating the dilution process.
Understanding these concepts and their practical application is essential for anyone engaged in virology research, ensuring accurate and reliable results in experiments involving viral concentrations and infectivity titrations.
FAQs
Ten-fold serial dilutions. A ten-fold dilution reduces the concentration of a solution or a suspension of virus by a factor of ten that is to one-tenth the original concentration. A series of ten-fold dilutions is described as ten-fold serial dilutions.
How to do 10 fold serial dilutions? ›
To complete a tenfold dilution, the ratio must be 1:10. The 1 represents the amount of sample added. The 10 represents the total size of the final sample. For example, a sample size of 1 ml is added to 9 ml of diluent to equal a total of 10 ml.
What does 5 fold serial dilution mean? ›
“It was a 5 fold dilution” “It was diluted 1/5" These all mean the same thing, that there is 1 volume part of sample and 4 volume parts of whatever liquid is being used to dilute the sample for a total of 5 volume parts.
How to do a 10 times dilution? ›
Commonly used dilutions are 1:10 or 1:2. Note that this is expressed as the ratio of the previous solution to the final volume of the dilution. For example, to make a 1:10 dilution, you add 1ml of your solution to 9ml of diluent for a final volume of 10ml.
What is a 5 step 2 fold serial dilution? ›
To prepare a 5-step, 2-fold serial dilution of a 5.0 mg/mL protein standard solution, you would start with a concentration of 2.5 mg/mL in the first dilution and decrease it by half in each subsequent dilution. The final concentration of the protein standard would be 0.0781 mg/mL.
What does 10 fold dilution mean? ›
A ten-fold dilution reduces the concentration of a solution or a suspension of virus by a factor of ten that is to one-tenth the original concentration. A series of ten-fold dilutions is described as ten-fold serial dilutions.
How do you dilute 100 to 10 fold? ›
As another example, if 100 mL of a stock solution is diluted with solvent/diluent to a total, final volume of 1000 mL, the resulting dilution factor is 10. It can also be said that the stock solution was diluted 10-fold. Therefore, a 10-fold dilution is the same as a dilution factor of 10.
How to make 5 fold dilution? ›
Answer: 1:5 dilution = 1/5 dilution = 1 part sample and 4 parts diluent in a total of 5 parts. If you need 10 ml, final volume, then you need 1/5 of 10 ml = 2 ml sample. To bring this 2 ml sample up to a total volume of 10 ml, you must add 10 ml - 2 ml = 8 ml diluent. 2.
What does 1 part to 10 parts water mean? ›
A ratio of 1:10 means add 1 part of product to 10 parts of water. A ratio of 1:25 means add 1 part of product to 25 parts of water. Example: to mix a product with a ratio of 1:10 measure: 1 capful of cleaning product and add it to. 10 capfuls of water.
How to calculate serial dilutions? ›
In serial dilutions, you multiply the dilution factors for each step. The dilution factor or the dilution is the initial volume divided by the final volume. For example, if you add a 1 mL sample to 9 mL of diluent to get 10 mL of solution, DF=ViVf = 1mL10mL=110 .
The dilution factor (DF) can be used alone or as the denominator of the fraction, for example, a DF of 10 means a 1:10 dilution, or 1 part solute + 9 parts diluent, for a total of 10 parts.
What does 10 fold mean in biology? ›
Here, the 10 fold dilution means that the diluted solution is 10 times greater than the stock solution. It can also be said that the diluted solution is 10 times lesser than the stock solution.
What is a 10x dilution example? ›
For example, let's say we have a 10x PBS stock and we want to make 1000mL of 1x PBS. To do this, we first need to divide 1000 mL into 10 parts, giving us 100 mL per part. Then, we will add 9 parts water and 1 part stock. This means we will add 900 mL water and 100 mL of the 10x stock to make 1x PBS.
How do you make a 10 fold serial dilution? ›
Use a micropipette to add 900 mL of the diluent into all the labeled sterile tubes. Using a micropipette, transfer 100 mL of the test solution to the first tube and mix thoroughly. This marks the first ten-fold dilution. Continue this sequence of ten-fold dilutions until reaching the last tube in the series.
What is the serial dilution rule? ›
We can dilute once, then dilute this dilution, only to dilute this dilution, and so on until we get to the appropriate concentration of cells. This is called a serial dilution. A serial dilution is a series of sequential dilutions used to reduce a dense culture of cells to a more usable concentration.
What does 5 times dilution mean? ›
Dilution factor is a notation often used in commercial assays. For example, in solution with a 1/5 dilution factor (which may be abbreviated as x5 dilution), entails combining 1 unit volume of solute (the material to be diluted) with (approximately) 4 unit volumes of the solvent to give 5 units of total volume.
How do you do a serial dilution step by step? ›
To perform serial dilution, for example, 1 ml of the starting sample is added to 9 ml of Dilution Blank Tube 1. This is then followed by the same procedure, where 1 ml from Tube 1 is added to 9 ml of Tube 2, 1 ml from Tube 2 is added to 9 ml from Tube 3, and so on until the desired concentration is reached.
What is a 10 percent serial dilution? ›
Mixing 100 µL of a stock solution with 900 µL of water makes a 1:10 dilution. The final volume of the diluted sample is 1000 µL (1 mL), and the concentration is 1/10 that of the original solution. A 1:10 dilution is also called a 10x dilution.
What is the ratio of stock to diluent in a 10 fold solution? ›
What is the dilution factor of the new solution? A ten-fold dilution is sometimes also written as a 1:10 dilution. Here 1:10 shows the ratio between the stock and the final volume of the working solution (100 mL : 1000 mL -> 1:10).
What is the C1V1 C2V2 formula? ›
C1V1=C2V2 is used to calculate an unknown quantity where two solutions/mixtures are proportional … Calculating how much ingredient is contained in a different volume of the same concentration. If a 300mL bottle of a product contains 15g of ingredient A, how much will contained in a 5mL spoonful?
