The USA is a top choice for international students who want a high-quality education and to improve their career opportunities. The US higher education system is renowned for its diversity, innovation, and research impact, as well as its flexibility and student services. However, studying in the USA can be costly, especially with relatively higher living expenses. Although there are many sources of financial aid including scholarships for international students in the USA, many students work while studying in the the USA, either to support themselves financially or to gain valuable work experience in a global market.
International students make a significant contribution to the US economy, society, and culture. Students have a reciprocal relationship with the country, in terms of contributing positively to its cause and gaining valuable experience and independence in one of the world’s most advanced and competitive job markets. According to a survey by NAFSA, international students contributed 41 billion USD to the US economy and supported 458,290 jobs in the 2018-2019 academic year. In this article, we will explore various aspects of working in the USA, including popular jobs, the job market landscape, and more.
Overview of Work While Studying in the USA
| Popular Part-time Jobs | Research Assistant, Teaching Assistant, Student Ambassador, Tutor, Retail, OPT, CPT, etc. |
| Allowed Work Hours | During the academic year: 20 hours/week During breaks: Full time |
| Where to Find Jobs | Career Centers, Job Websites, Job Boards, etc. |
| Average Pay | Minimum Wage: 7.25 USD |
Types of Part-Time Jobs for International Students in the USA
Many international students who study in the USA on an F1 visa look for part-time jobs to support themselves and gain some work experience. However, they have to follow certain rules and restrictions regarding their employment options. According to the USCIS, F1 students can only work on-campus for up to 20 hours per week during academic sessions, and full-time during breaks or vacations. They can also apply for off-campus work authorization after completing one academic year, but only for jobs that are related to their field of study and approved by their designated school official and the USCIS.
On-campus employment includes work performed on the school’s premises directly for the school or for on-location commercial firms that provide services for students, such as the bookstore or cafeteria. On-campus employment does not require USCIS approval, but some schools may have their own restrictions or requirements.
Off-campus employment: International students can also apply for off-campus employment after completing their first year of study, through programs such as Optional Practical Training (OPT), Curricular Practical Training (CPT), or Economic Hardship. These programs allow international students to gain work experience related to their field of study or financial need, for a maximum of 12 months (or 24 months for STEM majors).
However, these programs require prior authorization from the Designated School Official (DSO) and USCIS and have specific eligibility criteria and application procedures. For example, CPT must be an integral part of the curriculum and directly supervised by the school, while OPT must be recommended by the DSO and approved by USCIS.
In addition to these programs, international students may also work for an international organization recognized by the US government, such as the United Nations or the World Bank. This type of employment must be within the scope of the organization’s sponsorship and the student’s field of study. International students who want to work for an international organization must apply for an employment authorization document (EAD) from USCIS.
Suggested Reading: All About Work Visa After Study in the USA
Popular On-Campus Jobs for International Students in the USA
Some popular on-campus jobs for international students include:
Research Assistant: Many international students find opportunities to work as research assistants in various departments and labs. This can be a great way to gain experience in their field of study.
Teaching Assistant (TA): TAs assist professors with grading, leading discussion sections, and helping students with coursework. This is common for graduate students but can also be available to undergraduates.
Library Assistant: Working in the campus library provides valuable experience and allows students to interact with peers and faculty.
Campus Tour Guide: If you’re knowledgeable about your campus and enjoy public speaking, becoming a campus tour guide can be a fun and rewarding job.
Student Ambassador: Some schools have programs where international students can represent their university at events, fairs, and orientations.
Resident Assistant (RA): RAs are responsible for helping fellow students in their residence halls, organizing activities, and ensuring the safety and well-being of their peers.
Tutor: If you excel in a particular subject, you can work as a tutor for other students who need academic assistance.
Dining Services: Many international students work in campus dining facilities as servers, cooks, or dishwashers.
Administrative Assistant: You can work in various administrative roles in academic departments, student services, or other offices on campus.
Bookstore Employee: Many campus bookstores hire students to help with stocking, cashiering, and customer service.
Computer Lab Assistant: If you have technical skills, you may find positions in computer labs or IT support services.
Event Staff: Work at campus events such as sports games, concerts, and conferences. These positions may involve ticket sales, security, or concessions.
Language Tutor: If you’re proficient in your native language or a language you’re learning, you can offer tutoring services to fellow students.
It’s essential to check with your school’s international student office or career services center for information about job opportunities, work eligibility, and any visa restrictions. Keep in mind that there may be limits on the number of hours you can work on campus, especially during the academic year.
Suggested Reading: How to Work and Study in the UK
Off-Campus Jobs for International Students in the USA
Off-campus jobs are part-time employment opportunities for international students in the USA who are not affiliated with their university. These jobs can help students earn some extra income, gain valuable work experience, and enhance their skills. However, off-campus jobs have certain restrictions and requirements that students must follow. There are two types of off-campus jobs that international students can apply for Curricular Practical Training (CPT) and Optional Practical Training (OPT).
OPT is a program that allows F-1 students to work up to 12 months in a job related to their major, either before or after completing their degree. Students can apply for OPT during their last semester of study or within 60 days of graduation. OPT can be done part-time (20 hours or less per week) while enrolled in classes or full-time (more than 20 hours per week) during breaks or after graduation. Students who have completed a degree in certain STEM fields can apply for a 24-month extension of OPT, making the total duration of OPT up to 36 months. On the other hand, CPT is a program that allows F-1 students to work in a paid or unpaid internship, co-op, or practicum that is an integral part of their curriculum. Students can apply for CPT after completing one academic year of study and must have a job offer from an employer before applying. CPT can be done part-time or full-time, but students who do full-time CPT for more than 12 months will lose their eligibility for OPT. CPT must be completed before graduation and cannot be extended beyond the end date of the academic program.
Additionally, students can apply for other part-time jobs if they can prove that they are experiencing economic hardship. These circ*mstances may include loss of financial aid, currency fluctuations, tuition hikes, medical bills, or other unexpected expenses. To apply for off-campus jobs under economic hardship, the student must obtain authorization from their designated school official and the US Citizenship and Immigration Services before starting any off-campus job.
Regardless of the type of employment, international students must maintain their valid visa status and follow the rules and regulations of their school and USCIS. They must also report any changes in their employment situation to their DSO and update their information in the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS). Failure to comply with these rules may result in loss of employment authorization, termination of F-1 or M-1 status, or deportation from the US.
Some of the most popular off-campus jobs include:
- Usher
- Delivery Driver
- Barista
- Receptionist
- Retail Sales Associate
- Data Entry Clerk
- Customer Service Representative
Suggested Reading: How to Work and Study in Poland
How much can International Students Earn While Studying in the USA?
According to US immigration law, F-1 visa students can only work on-campus for up to 20 hours per week during academic sessions and 40 hours per week during breaks. The average part-time salary in the USA for international students is 7.25 USD per hour, which is the federal minimum wage. However, some jobs may pay up to 15 USD per hour or more, depending on the type, size, and location of the job. Some of the highest paying part-time jobs in the USA for international students are academic tutor, freelance web designer, editor or blogger, babysitter, bank teller, campus ambassador, barista, teaching assistant, library assistant, and research study assistant.
International students are also subject to federal and state income taxes on their earnings from part-time jobs. They need to file a tax return every year, even if they do not owe any taxes or receive any refunds. They also need to apply for an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) or a Social Security Number (SSN) to file their taxes. Most international students are considered nonresident aliens for tax purposes, which means they are taxed only on their US source income and may be eligible for tax treaty benefits that reduce or eliminate their tax liability. However, they are generally exempt from Social Security and Medicare taxes, which are also known as FICA taxes, unless they have been in the USA for more than five years or have changed their visa status.
Suggested Reading: Work While Studying in Canada: International Students’ Guide
How to Find Part-time Jobs for International Students in the USA
Finding part-time jobs for international students in the USA can be a bit challenging due to visa restrictions and competition, there are several strategies and resources available to help international students secure part-time employment during their time in the United States.
On-Campus Jobs: The advantage of on-campus jobs is that they are generally more accessible for international students as they do not require special work authorization beyond the F-1 student visa.
Career Services: Most universities have dedicated career centers that assist students in finding employment. They guide resume writing, interview preparation, and job search strategies. They may also have job boards or job fairs that connect students with potential employers.
Curricular Practical Training (CPT): To qualify for CPT, students typically need to be in a program that requires work experience as part of the curriculum, and they must obtain approval from their Designated School Official (DSO).
Optional Practical Training (OPT): OPT allows students to work in jobs related to their major field of study for up to 12 months after completing their degree. Some STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) graduates may be eligible for a 24-month OPT extension.
Networking: Building a professional network is essential in the job search process. Attend career fairs, join student organizations, and connect with professors and peers who may have leads on part-time job opportunities. Networking can open doors to hidden job opportunities and increase your chances of finding suitable employment.
Online Job Search: Utilize job search websites and online platforms to find part-time job listings. Websites like Indeed, LinkedIn, Glassdoor, and university-specific job boards are valuable resources. Many employers also advertise on-campus and off-campus positions on their websites.
Local Businesses: Explore local businesses near your university or accommodation that may be open to hiring international students.
Work-Study Programs: The Federal Work-Study (FWS) program is available for eligible U.S. citizens and permanent residents, but some universities may offer similar programs for international students. These programs provide part-time job opportunities on campus or with approved off-campus employers.
Resume and Cover Letter: Tailor your resume and cover letter to the job you’re applying for, emphasizing relevant skills and experiences. Seek guidance from your university’s career center to create a strong application package.
Suggested Reading: Work While Studying in Ireland: Guide for International Students
Conclusion
In conclusion, although there are a few restrictions for international students to work while studying in the USA, the amount of opportunities available is immense. From on-campus jobs to internships in various fields, international students can gain valuable work experience and earn some income to support their living expenses. Moreover, working in the USA can help international students develop their skills, network with professionals, and learn about the American culture and work environment. Therefore, international students should not be discouraged by the challenges of finding work in the USA, but rather explore the diverse and rewarding options that suit their interests and goals. It’s easy to find sustainable employment options if you do your research carefully, and we are here to help you with it! Let our admission experts at OneApply, assist you with finding the best opportunities. Your free video call appointment is waiting!
