Bluetooth technology was developed by a group of engineers at Ericsson, a telecommunications company based in Sweden. The engineers, led by Dr. Jaap Haartsen, developed Bluetooth as a wireless communication technology during the 1990s.
Bluetooth operates through short-range wireless communication using radio waves. It uses the 2.4 GHz ISM band, which is available globally for unlicensed use. The technology employs a frequency-hopping spread spectrum technique, meaning it rapidly switches between different frequencies within the available band. This hopping helps reduce interference and improve signal reliability.
Bluetooth devices communicate by establishing a wireless connection between them. Each device has a Bluetooth radio transceiver that allows it to transmit and receive data. When two Bluetooth-enabled devices come into range and both have their Bluetooth settings enabled and set to discoverable mode, they can establish a connection.
The devices negotiate and establish a connection using a process called pairing. During pairing, they exchange security information and create a secure link. Once paired, the devices can communicate and exchange data wirelessly. Bluetooth supports various profiles or protocols that define specific functions, such as sending audio, transferring files, or controlling devices.
Bluetooth technology is commonly used in various applications, including wireless audio streaming, hands-free calling in cars, connecting wireless peripherals like keyboards and mice to computers, and connecting smartphones to other devices for file sharing or Internet tethering.
Over the years, Bluetooth has evolved and gained widespread adoption, with new versions offering improved speed, range, and capabilities. It has become a standard wireless technology used in numerous devices, enabling convenient and efficient communication between devices without the need for physical cables.
