What Is Cloud Encryption? (2024)

How Does Cloud Encryption Work?

Cloud encryption protects sensitive information as it traverses the internet or rests in the cloud. Encryption algorithms can transform data of any type into an encoded format that requires a decryption key to decipher. This way, even if an attacker intercepts or exfiltrates the data, it’s useless to them unless they can decrypt it.

Cloud encryption protects data in two basic states:

  • Data in transit between destinations, often outside a secure network, making it more vulnerable.
  • Data at rest in cloud storage, a data center server, or similar, and not being used or moved.

Today, standard HTTPS web traffic encryption uses Transport Layer Security (TLS; aka SSL) protocol to secure each data packet. When trusted users or entities (established through multifactor authentication) request access to encrypted data, they receive it in its encrypted state and must use a decryption key to render it usable.

Two Basic Types of Data Encryption

All cloud encryption services and protocols fall into two main categories: symmetric and asymmetric encryption.

Symmetric Encryption

In symmetric encryption, a single key is used to encrypt plaintext and decrypt ciphertext. As a simple example, if you encoded the word “cat” by moving each letter four characters ahead in the alphabet—to ”gex”—you could do the opposite to decode it back to “cat” again.

Symmetric protocols like the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and TLS (which can also be asymmetric; more on that below) are used today because they’re:

  • Complex enough to be secure—cracking AES with brute force could take billions of years
  • Simple enough to be fast—well suited to dealing with large data sets and volumes of traffic

However, this single-key approach is more easily compromised. For instance, if an encryption key needed to be sent over the internet, an attacker could intercept it and expose the encoded data.

Asymmetric Encryption

In asymmetric encryption, encoding and decoding are done with linked public and private key pairs. This is like a coded padlock: you can lock it (using a public key) without knowing the code, but only the person who knows the code (the private key) can open it again.

Asymmetric approaches like elliptic-curve cryptography (ECC), the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA), and TLS are used today because they’re:

  • Less vulnerable to compromise—exposed public keys can’t expose private keys, and private keys never need to be transmitted
  • Another form of authentication—a sender can sign a file with a private key to prove its origin to the recipient

Compared to symmetric encryption, the biggest downside to asymmetric encryption is that, broadly speaking, it tends to be slower.

What Is Cloud Encryption? (2024)

FAQs

What Is Cloud Encryption? ›

Cloud encryption is a data security process in which plaintext data is encoded into unreadable ciphertext to help keep it secure in or between cloud environments. It is one of the most effective ways to uphold data privacy as well as protect cloud data in transit or at rest against cyberattacks.

What is Google Cloud encryption? ›

All data that is stored by Google is encrypted at the storage layer using the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm, AES-256. We use a common cryptographic library, Tink, which includes our FIPS 140-2 validated module (named BoringCrypto) to implement encryption consistently across Google Cloud.

What is iCloud encryption? ›

Data encryption in iCloud is closely tied to the data storage model, starting with the CloudKit frameworks and APIs that allow apps and system software to store data in iCloud on behalf of the user, and keep everything up-to-date across devices and on the web.

What is the main purpose of cloud security? ›

In particular, cloud security works to provide storage and network protection against internal and external threats, access management, data governance and compliance, and disaster recovery.

Should I encrypt my cloud storage? ›

Encryption is a crucial aspect of data protection in the cloud. It ensures that even if unauthorized individuals gain access to the stored data, they cannot decipher or use it without the encryption key.

What is cloud encrypted? ›

Cloud encryption is a data security process in which plaintext data is encoded into unreadable ciphertext to help keep it secure in or between cloud environments.

Are my Gmail emails encrypted? ›

First of all, the Gmail server is automatically protected by network-level encryption. This layer of encryption protects your emails within Google's network or while they're in transit from sender to recipient. However, once your email leaves Google's network, it is no longer protected.

Are iPhones encrypted? ›

Understanding Data Protection and iPhone Encryption

iPhone data is encrypted by default when a user creates an Apple ID and passcode. With those in place, information is decrypted only when the device is unlocked. It is also decrypted when shared using some applications or sometimes when stored in iCloud.

Can anyone access my iCloud? ›

No one else can access your end-to-end encrypted data — not even Apple — and this data remains secure even in the case of a data breach in the cloud. If you lose access to your account, only you can recover this data, using your device passcode or password, recovery contact, or recovery key.

Is iCloud better than Google Drive? ›

Regarding performance, iCloud is best suited to Apple-based platforms. Like all Apple products, they integrate together to give a seamless performance. This is especially useful if you own multiple Apple products. In contrast, Google Drive works with a greater amount of platforms.

How safe is the cloud? ›

Security: Cloud storage often offers greater protection against cyberattacks than other options because it's backed up regularly and stored off-site. It's also monitored for suspicious activity 24/7.

Which cloud is more secure? ›

Private Cloud Security Benefits

Once a cloud becomes a cloud, public or private, it is open to the same security risks as any other cloud. The number one security feature in any private cloud is its obscurity. All else being equal, your private cloud is more secure because fewer people know it is there.

What is an example of cloud security? ›

Examples include Single Sign-On (SSO), multi-factor authentication, and access control. At the application security level, extended detection and response (XDR) technology can constantly monitor, detect and mitigate security threats, such as business email compromise, software vulnerabilities, and more.

What should you not put in cloud storage? ›

At a minimum, no data that is protected by law (medical information, personal identifiers, financial data) should be stored in the cloud unless the storage solution is encrypted and you know who can decrypt it (it should only be you or your organization) and for what reason.

Can hackers access cloud storage? ›

Cloud data storage, being internet-based, is susceptible to unauthorized access if it's not well-protected. Attackers can exploit weak passwords, stolen user credentials, or incorrectly configured user permissions to access sensitive data.

What is the best way to encrypt cloud storage? ›

Cryptomator is a simple tool for digital self-defense. It allows you to protect your cloud data by yourself and independently. Most cloud providers encrypt data only during transmission or they keep the keys for decryption for themselves. These keys can be stolen, copied, or misused.

How does Google encryption work? ›

Google Workspace uses the latest cryptographic standards to encrypt all data at rest and in transit between its facilities. In addition, Gmail uses TLS (Transport Layer Security) for communication with other email service providers.

How secure is Google cloud storage? ›

Are files and links in Google Drive secure? Files stored in Google Drive are encrypted in-transit and at-rest. That means even if an unauthorized user accesses the files, they remain protected.

How does Google Drive encryption work? ›

All files uploaded to Drive or created in Docs, Sheets, and Slides are encrypted in transit and at rest with AES256 bit encryption. For additional confidentiality, your organization can allow you to encrypt Drive, Docs, Sheets, and Slides files with Workspace Client-side encryption.

What does Google Cloud security do? ›

Google Cloud Security Command Center

The command center aids in asset discovery and inventory, threat prevention, and threat detection. It enables understanding of which resources are deployed at a given time as well as helping to identify misconfigurations and compliance violations.

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