What Is An IPSec Tunnel? An Inside Look (2024)

The Internet is an integral part of daily business for most organizations today, and along with this comes an inherent vulnerability to cyber attacks.

In the face of growing incidents of cybercrime, enterprises struggle with the quandary of how to keep data secure while avoiding disruptions to daily operations.

For many businesses, the IPSec tunnel offers the means to enable safe and secure transmission of, and access to, data.

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What Is An IPSec Tunnel? An Inside Look (1)

Everything you need to know when it comes to the CSfC process.

What Is An IPSec Tunnel?

An Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) tunnel is a set of standards and protocols originally developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to support secure communication as packets of information are transported from an IP address across network boundaries and vice versa.

IPSec tunnels are widely used for secure communication between remote offices, branch offices, and in Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) to protect sensitive data from unauthorized access and eavesdropping. They play a crucial role in securing data transmission in an increasingly interconnected and potentially insecure digital world.

An IPSec tunnel allows for the implementation of a virtual private network (VPN) which an enterprise may use to securely extend its reach beyond its own network to customers, partners, and suppliers.

IPSec VPNs may be classified as:

  • Intranet VPNs: Connect company headquarters with offices in different locations.
  • Extranet VPNs: Connect enterprises with business partners or suppliers.
  • Remote-Access VPNs: Connect individual, remote users such as traveling executives or telecommuters with their company network.

IPSec tunnel vs. normal security tunnel

There are several types of VPN protocols for tunneling, or transmitting, data over the Internet.

For example, most eCommerce sites use Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS).

Some networks utilize Secure Shell (SSH), and others use Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP).

Compared to these various types of “normal” tunnels, IPSec provides the most robust cryptographic security.

The IPSec tunnel creates robust security layers to fully protect the data that is transmitted over the Internet or through an enterprise’s network. By wrapping the inner IP data packet in layers of robust encryption, the packet is protected from alteration, eavesdropping, data mining or interception.

The IPSec tunnel encrypts the entire packet of data so fully that no entity can see the source of the data, the data endpoint or the data origination point.

“Normal” security tunnels simply do not have this type of encryption.

Let's explore deeper the differences between the two:

IPSec Tunnel:

  1. Purpose: IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) is a specific protocol suite designed for securing data communication over IP networks. IPSec tunnels are primarily used for securing data transmission over the internet, intranets, and extranets, as well as in VPNs.

  2. Security Features: IPSec provides a comprehensive set of security features, including data encryption, data integrity verification, and authentication of communication endpoints. It ensures the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of data.

  3. Protocols: IPSec consists of multiple protocols, such as Authentication Header (AH) and Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP), which work together to provide security services.

  4. Authentication: IPSec tunnels often involve the use of digital certificates, pre-shared keys, or other strong authentication methods to ensure the identity of the communicating parties.

  5. Encryption: Data transmitted through an IPSec tunnel is encrypted to protect it from eavesdropping.

  6. Authentication and Key Management: IPSec uses a robust key management system to establish security associations and manage encryption keys.

Normal Security Tunnel (Generic):

  1. Purpose: A "normal" security tunnel refers to a generic concept of creating a secure communication channel between two endpoints. It doesn't necessarily specify a particular security protocol but can encompass a variety of security techniques and protocols, including but not limited to IPSec.

  2. Security Features: The security features of a normal security tunnel can vary widely based on the specific protocol or technique being used. Some may provide encryption and data integrity, while others might offer different security mechanisms.

  3. Protocols: A normal security tunnel can use various security protocols, including but not limited to IPSec, Transport Layer Security (TLS), Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), and others.

  4. Authentication: The authentication methods used in a normal security tunnel can be protocol-dependent and may vary in strength and complexity.

  5. Encryption: Depending on the chosen protocol or technique, data may or may not be encrypted in a normal security tunnel.

  6. Authentication and Key Management: The processes for authentication and key management can differ significantly based on the selected security approach.

The supply chain threat

In terms of network security, mobile employees are only part of the issue.

Every third-party supplier with access to an enterprise’s network represents a very real risk.

Professional networking giant LinkedIn saw data associated with 700 million of its users posted on a dark web forum in June 2021, impacting more than 90% of its user base. Unfortunately, this is just one of numerous examples.

Cybersecurity Ventures expects global cybercrime costs to grow by 15 percent per year over the next five years, reaching $10.5 trillion USD annually by 2025, up from$3 trillion USD in 2015.

And, cyber attacks are not limited to the private sector - government agencies have suffered significant data breaches as well. In early 2018, the computers of a U.S. Navy contractor were hacked by China, resulting in the theft of plans for an anti-ship missile as well as other sensitive data.

In yet another example, the Department of Defense’s travel system (DTS) was hacked in fall 2018 as the result of a data breach at one of the agency’s commercial vendors, resulting in the theft of travel itineraries and credit card information of 30,000 military personnel and civilians.

Contractors and business partners can be a serious liability when it comes to cybersecurity. Some may have IT programs that are out-of-date or in need of security patches. And still others simply may not have a sufficiently robust IT security program to defend against increasingly sophisticated cyber attacks.

Considering these factors, it is easy to see why third-party suppliers are a prime target for cybercrime.

Securing data anywhere

Archon’s GoSilent Cube is the first portable VPN and firewall with Top Secret level IPSec tunnel technology that secures data on the go.

As shown in the illustration below, GoSilent secures the connection to enterprise networks in an IPSec tunnel within the enterprise firewall.

This allows for a fully secure connection so that users can access corporate programs, missions, and resources and send, store and retrieve information behind the protected firewall without the possibility of the connection being intercepted or hijacked.

Archon’s GoSilent technology enables employees, partners, and suppliers with the freedom and security to access the enterprise network from desktops, laptops, phones, or any other IP-enabled devices and without compromising productivity.

What Is An IPSec Tunnel? An Inside Look (2)

Table Of Contents

Topics

Information Security

What Is An IPSec Tunnel? An Inside Look (2024)

FAQs

What is the IPSec tunnel? ›

IPsec VPN uses a technique called "tunneling" to encrypt the data that is being sent between the device and the VPN server. The data is first encapsulated in an IPsec packet, which is then encrypted using a cipher.

What is IPSec best explanation? ›

IPSec uses asymmetric and symmetric encryption to provide speed and security during data transfer. In asymmetric encryption, the encryption key is made public while the decryption key is kept private. Symmetric encryption uses the same public key for encrypting and decrypting data.

What is IPSec tunnel Cisco? ›

In this lesson, I will show you how to configure two Cisco IOS routers to use IPSec in Tunnel mode. This means that the original IP packet will be encapsulated in a new IP packet and encrypted before it is sent out of the network.

Which best describes IPSec? ›

IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) is a suite of protocols designed to secure internet communications by encrypting and authenticating all IP packets. It operates in two modes: transport mode and tunnel mode. In tunnel mode, IPSec not only encrypts the payload but also encrypts the original IP headers.

What is the main purpose of IPsec? ›

IPsec is used for protecting sensitive data, such as financial transactions, medical records and corporate communications, as it's transmitted across the network. It's also used to secure virtual private networks (VPNs), where IPsec tunneling encrypts all data sent between two endpoints.

What is the difference between IPsec tunnel and VPN? ›

IPsec is commonly used for site-to-site connections, effectively linking two segments of a private network over the internet. SSL VPNs function at the application layer. They are designed to provide secure access to specific applications rather than the entire network.

What layer is IPsec tunnel? ›

More specifically, IPsec is a group of protocols that are used together to set up secure connections between devices at layer 3 of the OSI model (the network layer).

What is the best IPsec tunnel? ›

Best IPsec VPNs in 2024
  • NordVPN: The best IPsec VPN. Supports IKEv2/IPsec. ...
  • Surfshark: Best value VPN. ...
  • IPVanish: Speedy, lightweight VPN that supports the IKEv2 protocol. ...
  • ExpressVPN: Provides L2TP/IPsec. ...
  • PrivateVPN: Option of IPsec with L2TP or IKEv2. ...
  • Hotspot Shield: Multiple protocols including IKEv2/IPsec.
Apr 17, 2024

How to make an IPsec tunnel? ›

Set Up an IPSec Tunnel (Tunnel Mode)
  1. Create a Security Policy Rule.
  2. Track Rules Within a Rulebase.
  3. Enforce Security Rule Description, Tag, and Audit Comment.
  4. Move or Clone a Security Rule or Object to a Different Virtual System.
  5. Test Security Rules.

Where is IPsec used? ›

In computing, Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is a secure network protocol suite that authenticates and encrypts packets of data to provide secure encrypted communication between two computers over an Internet Protocol network. It is used in virtual private networks (VPNs).

Is IPsec still used? ›

It is widely used in virtual private networks (VPNs), enabling secure data transmission over unsecured networks by creating encrypted tunnels between devices.

What are the two types of IPsec? ›

The IPsec standards define two distinct modes of IPsec operation, transport mode and tunnel mode. The modes do not affect the encoding of packets. The packets are protected by AH, ESP, or both in each mode.

What is the purpose of an IP tunnel? ›

An IP tunnel is an Internet Protocol (IP) network communications channel between two networks. It is used to transport another network protocol by encapsulation of its packets.

What is the difference between IPsec tunnel and TLS tunnel? ›

By establishing secure tunnels, IPsec can protect sensitive information from unauthorized access and eavesdropping. On the other hand, TLS operates at a higher layer, specifically the transport layer.

What is the difference between MPLS and IPsec? ›

IPSec VPN is another tunneling protocol for IP only, and only point to point. IPsec offers encryption and authentication, while MPLS VPN doesn't.

How does a VPN tunnel work? ›

A VPN tunnel is a secure, encrypted connection between a user's device and the internet through a virtual private network. The VPN tunnel encrypts the user's internet traffic and routes it to a remote VPN server. From there, the data is decrypted and delivered to its intended destination.

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