What does a Windows 10 digital certificate do? | TechTarget (2024)

IT pros can build trust into Windows 10 by adding certificates that form trusted connections by confirming the identity of any individuals or entities communicating with the OS.

Usually working behind the scenes, a Windows 10 digital certificate plays an invaluable role in establishing trusted connections across public and private networks between Windows 10 and other entities.

A Windows 10 digital certificate confirms the identity of the individual or entity interacting with the OS, enabling trusted communication by signing email messages, authenticating network connections, facilitating smart card logins and more.

Introducing the digital certificate

A Windows 10 digital certificate provides digital credentials to verify the identities of individuals or entities. Using cryptographic technologies, a certificate allows a Windows 10 user to trust a subject -- the individual or entity that provides the certificate as a form of identification across network connections.

For example, a company might maintain a website that offers a variety of online resources to its partners. To ensure that the partners can safely access those resources, the company might acquire a certificate from a trusted certificate authority (CA) and assign it to the website. The CA is responsible for confirming the identity of the certificate holder. This allows the partners to establish trusted connections. In this case, the company is considered the certificate's subject.

One of the most common use cases for a Windows 10 certificate is to facilitate Secure Sockets Layer connections between web browsers and servers.

A certificate limits the possibility of a malicious user intercepting, counterfeiting or altering communications. Certificates are based on public key cryptography, which uses public and private keys to verify subject identities, as well as to encrypt and decrypt data.

Each certificate contains the public key from the subject's private and public key pair. The subject retains the private key in its own secure environment. As a result, the certificate binds the subject to the key pair, making it possible to authenticate the subject when carrying out secure electronic transactions.

A Windows 10 certificate is based on the X.509 standard defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force. X.509 certificates also include the subject's name, the certificate's period of validity and the issuing CA. Windows certificates also support extended properties to provide additional information, such as the subject's email address or the types of activities the certificate supports.

One of the most common use cases for a Windows 10 certificate is to facilitate Secure Sockets Layer connections between web browsers and servers whether on an internal network or on the internet. IT can also use certificates to secure internal messages and emails, share information, connect applications and services, and more.

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What does a Windows 10 digital certificate do? | TechTarget (2024)

FAQs

What does a Windows 10 digital certificate do? | TechTarget? ›

A digital certificate, also known as a public key certificate, is used to cryptographically link ownership of a public key with the entity that owns it. Digital certificates are for sharing public keys to be used for encryption and authentication.

What is the purpose of getting a digital certificate? ›

A digital certificate uses cryptography and a public key to prove the authenticity of a server, device, or user, ensuring that only trusted devices can connect to an organization's network. They can also be used to confirm the authenticity of a website to a web browser.

What are the benefits of digital certificates? ›

Benefits of digital certification

The information is validated by a publicly trusted CA, which signs it with a key that provides a chain of trust to the certificate. This enables the certificate to be used to prove the authenticity of a document, for client authentication, or to provide proof of a website's credential.

What can a digital certificate not be used for? ›

A digital certificate does not verify the authenticity of a CA; rather, a CA verifies the authenticity of a user.

What is the difference between a digital certificate and a public key? ›

The digital document is generated and issued by a trusted third party called a certification authority. Public key certificates, which are also known as digital certificates, include the public key, identity information about the owner and the name of the issuing certificate authority (CA).

How do you use a digital certificate? ›

Digital certificates are used in secure email to identify one user to another and may also be used for electronic document signing. The sender digitally signs the email, and the recipient verifies the signature.

How long can digital certificates be valid? ›

Do digital certificates expire? Digital certificates validity periods are specific to each type of certificate. Currently, code signing certificates are valid for up to three years while SSL certificates are valid for just over one year.

What are some disadvantages of using digital certificates? ›

Some of the key risks associated with digital certificates include: Certificate authority (CA) compromise: If a trusted CA is compromised, attackers can issue fake certificates for legitimate websites, which can be used to carry out man-in-the-middle attacks and steal sensitive information.

Who gives out digital certificates? ›

Digital certificates are typically issued by a certificate authority (CA), which is a trusted third-party entity that issues digital certificates for use by other parties.

Do digital certificates provide integrity? ›

By verifying the identity of the communicating parties, Digital Certificates help to ensure that confidential information is only shared between trusted parties. Moreover, Digital Certificates provide a way to ensure the integrity of online transactions.

What is never stored with a digital certificate? ›

The IP address of the issuing CA server is not stored in an issued certificate.

What pieces of information does a digital certificate contain? ›

A digital certificate contains the name of the certificate holder, a serial number, expiration dates, a copy of the certificate holder's public key (used for encrypting messages and digital signatures) and the digital signature of the certificate-issuing authority (CA) so that a recipient can verify that the ...

How do I get a private key from a digital certificate? ›

Access the private key by exporting a “.pfx” file that contains the certificate and private key.
  1. Open Microsoft Management Console.
  2. In the Console Root, expand Certificates (Local Computer)
  3. Locate the certificate in the Personal or Web Server folder.
  4. Right click the certificate.
  5. Select Export.
  6. Follow the guided wizard.
Aug 19, 2022

Do I need a digital certificate? ›

Whenever you need to share personal or confidential information with someone on the internet, you can encrypt the message and use a digital certificate to make sure it's not tampered with en route.

What is an example of a digital certificate? ›

For example, digital certificates (SSL certificates) are often used to authenticate a website to a web browser. The certificate contains identifiable information like an IP address, username, or serial number; a copy of the public key; the certificate authority's name; and a digital signature.

What keys are in a digital certificate? ›

The receiver of the certificate uses the public key to decipher encrypted text sent by the certificate owner to verify its identity. A public key has a corresponding private key that encrypts the text. Certificate authority's distinguished name. The issuer of the certificate identifies itself with this information.

What is the purpose of a digital certificate from Cisco? ›

Purpose of CAs and Digital Certificates

Digital signatures, based on public key cryptography, digitally authenticate devices and individual users. In public key cryptography, such as the RSA encryption system, each device or user has a key-pair containing both a private key and a public key.

What is the difference between a digital credential and a certificate? ›

Digital credentials are essentially online versions of certificates. Just like physical documents, digital credentials verify and serve as an authentic proof of achievements and skills.

What is a digital certificate issued to? ›

Trusted parties, called certificate authorities (CA), issue digital certificates to verify the identity of an entity, such as a client or a server. The digital certificate serves the following purposes: Verify the identity of the owner.

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