Wall Street — not taxpayers — will pay for the SVB and Signature deposit relief plans (2024)

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WASHINGTON — Plans announced Sunday to fully reimburse deposits made in the collapsed Silicon Valley Bank and the shuttered Signature Bank will rely on Wall Street and large financial institutions — not taxpayers — to foot the bill, Treasury officials said.

"For the banks that were put into receivership, the FDIC will use funds from the Deposit Insurance Fund to ensure that all of its depositors are made whole," said a senior Treasury Department official, who spoke to reporters Sunday about the plan on the condition of anonymity.

"The Deposit Insurance Fund is bearing the risk," the official emphasized. "This is not funds from the taxpayer."

The Deposit Insurance Fund is part of the FDIC and funded by quarterly fees assessed on FDIC-insured financial institutions, as well as interest on funds invested in government bonds.

The DIF currently has over $100 billion in it, a sum the Treasury official said was "more than fully sufficient" to cover SVB and Signature depositors.

In addition to protecting these deposits, the Federal Reserve announced a new Bank Term Funding Program that is aimed at safeguarding institutions vulnerable to the market instability created by the SVB failure.

The new Fed facility will offer loans of up to one year to banks, saving associations, credit unions and other institutions. Those taking advantage of the facility will be asked to pledge high-quality collateral like Treasurys, agency debt and mortgage-backed securities.

The BTFP will value these fixed income assets at par, a boon for the banks that hold long-term assets with yields lower than current market rates. In a BTFP collateral agreement, these bonds would be worth more than they are on the open market, where they would sell at a loss.

The Wall Street Journal's editorial board labeled the DIF deposit rescue plan and the BFTP as two separate "bailouts" in an op-ed Sunday.

But Biden administration officials strongly pushed back on the idea that the bank plans constituted a "bailout."

"The banks' equity and bond holders are being wiped out," said the official at Treasury. "They took a risk as owners of the securities, they will take the losses."

"The firms are not being bailed out ... depositors are being protected."

The White House strategy is clearly informed by the memory of public anger sparked by taxpayer-funded bailouts of major Wall Street banks during the 2008 financial crisis. Using the DIF to shore up depositors is seen as a way to avoid repeating the same process.

President Joe Biden said tapping the DIF will ensure "taxpayer dollars are not put at risk."

Already Sunday night, there were signs that Biden's plan to use the DIF was being met with approval on Capitol Hill.

Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., a fierce critic of the 2008 bank bailouts, said if there was to be a bailout of SVB "it must be 100 percent financed by Wall Street and large financial institutions," which the DIF is.

Sanders blamed SVB's collapse on successful Republican efforts to relax banking regulations, signed into law by former President Donald Trump in 2018. California Democratic Rep. Katie Porter said she was already writing legislation to reverse the Trump-era bill.

Even some Republicans expressed support for the federal actions taken to stem the fallout from SVB and Signature.

"I have confidence in our financial regulators" to ensure the banking system is stable, Rep. Patrick McHenry, N.C., the Republican chairman of the House Financial Services Committee, said in a statement.

South Carolina GOP Sen. Tim Scott, a potential 2024 Republican presidential candidate, said it was "important we bring our markets to a calm and orderly resolution."

But any hint of a political detente was only temporary. Republicans and Democrats remained deeply divided on the issue of financial regulation, setting the stage for battles later this year over who was to blame for SVB's collapse and how to prevent the next massive bank failure.

Sunday's dramatic moves came just days after SVB, a key financing hub for tech companies, reported that it was struggling, triggering a run on the bank's deposits. Signature was closed by the government on Sunday.

The SVB failure was the nation's largest collapse of a financial institution since Washington Mutual went under in 2008.

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Wall Street — not taxpayers — will pay for the SVB and Signature deposit relief plans (2024)

FAQs

Will everyone get their money back from SVB? ›

Depositors will have access to all of their money starting Monday, March 13,” the Treasury Department, Federal Reserve and Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. said in a joint statement. “No losses associated with the resolution of Silicon Valley Bank will be borne by the taxpayer.”

Who pays for the Silicon Valley Bank bailout? ›

America's biggest banks each took a 10-figure hit to their earnings last quarter to cover the cost of bailing out uninsured depositors at Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank. Why it matters: Most of the banks took the FDIC's special assessment in stride — their earnings are strong enough to be able to afford it.

Do taxpayers pay for bank failures? ›

FDIC Deposit Insurance Fund Balance

While taxpayers may not directly foot the bill, some losses may ultimately trickle down. For example, if your bank has to pay more for deposit insurance, it might charge you a higher interest rate on a loan or offer you a lower interest rate on your savings account.

What was the Fed response to SVB? ›

While it was the regional bank's own mismanagement of basic risks that was at the root of SVB's downfall, the Fed said, supervisors of SVB did not fully appreciate the problems, delaying their responses to gather more evidence even as weaknesses mounted, and failed to appropriately address certain deficiencies when ...

Did SVB depositors get their money? ›

IS MY MONEY SAFE? Yes! No one lost any money on deposit as a result of this transaction. Depositors of Silicon Valley Bridge Bank, N.A., will automatically become depositors of First-Citizens Bank & Trust Company.

Did anyone lose money at SVB? ›

Because investors could buy bonds at higher interest rates, Silicon Valley Bank's bonds declined in value. As this was happening, some of Silicon Valley Bank's customers—many of whom are in the technology industry—hit financial troubles, and many began to withdraw funds from their accounts.

Why was SVB not bailed out? ›

But the reason that SVB was not counted as a “too big to fail” bank was that the federal government had judged that there would not be a system-wide run on banks if SVB's depositors had taken a large haircut. The impact would almost certainly have been regional, not national.

Is SVB still operating? ›

Silicon Valley Bank was acquired by First Citizens Bank on March 27, 2023. Silicon Valley Bank is open and operating as a division of First Citizens Bank serving the same investor and innovation economy clients that it has for the past 40 years.

Who is paying for the bank collapse? ›

Taxpayers won't have to bail out collapsed banks

“Instead, the money will come from the fees that banks pay into the Deposit Insurance Fund,” Biden said. This pool of money consists of premiums paid by banks for deposit insurance coverage, which are assessed quarterly.

Can banks seize your money if economy fails? ›

Your money is safe in a bank, even during an economic decline like a recession. Up to $250,000 per depositor, per account ownership category, is protected by the FDIC or NCUA at a federally insured financial institution. What happens if my bank fails during a recession?

Which president bailed out the banks? ›

President Bush signed the bill into law within hours of its enactment, creating a $700 billion dollar Treasury fund to purchase failing bank assets. The revised plan left the $700 billion bailout intact and appended a stalled tax bill.

What happens to my money if my bank goes under? ›

If a bank closes, what happens to your money depends on whether the account is sold to another institution or the FDIC takes responsibility for paying out depositors. In most cases, accounts are sold to another bank, and you will automatically have access to your funds at the new institution.

What was the root cause of the SVB failure? ›

Why did it collapse? The collapse happened for multiple reasons, including a lack of diversification and a classic bank run, where many customers withdrew their deposits simultaneously due to fears of the bank's solvency. Many of SVB's depositors were startup companies.

What happened with SVB and Signature Bank? ›

Signature Bank was the third-largest bank failure in U.S. history and came directly after the collapse of Silicon Valley Bank (SVB). As with SVB, its collapse is partly attributed to fears about a high percentage of uninsured deposits.

How could the SVB collapse be prevented? ›

Some banking experts believe that had there been better oversight of SVB's management of their investment portfolio, including regular analysis of their interest rate risks, this would not have happened. 2) Liquidity and Cash Management Planning.

Will SVB bank come back? ›

Silicon Valley Bank is back, after collapse and acquisition - The Washington Post.

Why were people withdrawing their money from SVB? ›

Tech companies were spending company cash fast, but struggling to raise money. So they began dipping into their deposits, withdrawing more and more cash from their Silicon Valley Bank accounts. SVB, like all banks, is required to keep certain amounts of cash on hand.

Did the FDIC bailout SVB? ›

After SVB suddenly collapsed, the FDIC and other federal regulators decided to make all of the bank's customers whole, including those with more funds than the $250,000 insurance limit.

What happens if you owe money to SVB? ›

You owe money to the SVB

If you have received too much money from us, you will have to repay it. If you think you cannot repay it, please get in touch with us. We will help find a solution, for example by arranging a plan for repayment with you. We can also give you more time to make the repayments.

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