Tutorial: Change the Data-Channel Encryption Cipher (2024)

When you define the data-channel encryption ciphers, you list multiple ciphers separated by a colon as an ordered data cipher string. This is specified in order of priority so that the first cipher that matches what the client supports will be used for the VPN session. The default configuration is as follows:

  • AES-256-GCM

  • AES-128-GCM

  • ?CHACHA20-POLY1305 (enabled if supported on the server side)*

  • Backward compatibility cipher (only on Access Server 2.9 through 2.12)

*The CHACHA20-POLY1305 cipher is prepended with a question mark to indicate that it is a soft requirement. This means that if the server environment supports the use of this cipher, then it will be enabled and can be used; otherwise, it is simply ignored. This cipher is optimized for use in environments where hardware AES-256 support is unavailable.

Note

Important notes regarding backward compatibility and legacy ciphers

Access Server 1.0 has BF-CBC as the default cipher, which was considered secure at the time. However BF-CBC is deprecated now and should not be used anymore, and modern environments may even refuse to use it.

Access Server 2.5 and newer by default automatically use AES-256-GCM. Older clients (OpenVPN 2.3 and older) were supported automatically by using AES-256-CBC or BF-CBC fallback depending on your cipher configuration, until Access Server 2.13.

Access Server 2.13 and newer by default automatically use AES-256-GCM, AES-128-GCM, and CHACHA20-POLY1305 (if the server supports it). Older clients (OpenVPN 2.3 and older) are not supported anymore by default, but this support can be reenabled by defining your own data cipher string and adding a cipher such as AES-256-CBC at the end. AES-256-CBC and AES-256-GCM are equivalent in encryption strength, but GCM is faster and therefore preferred.

If you wish to use Data Channel Offload, you can only use the recommended ciphers. Using older ciphers will disable the use of DCO.

Recommended values

Optional values

  • AES-256-CBC

  • AES-192-CBC

  • AES-128-CBC

Deprecated values

  • BF-CBC

  • DES-CBC

  • DES-EDE3-CBC

  • DESX-CBC

  • none

Caution

The value “none” completely disables data channel encryption. We don’t recommend using it — it is only meant for debugging purposes. The other ciphers mentioned may not be allowed anymore by the OpenSSL security settings in your operating system.

Tutorial: Change the Data-Channel Encryption Cipher (2024)

FAQs

How do I fix an OpenVPN cipher error? ›

Option 1: Configure the ciphers in the Admin Web UI
  1. Sign in to the Admin Web UI.
  2. Click Configuration > Advanced VPN.
  3. Enter your preferred data channel ciphers under Data channel ciphers.
  4. Click Save Settings and Update Running Server.
Aug 1, 2024

How to add data ciphers fallback AES-256-cbc to the .ovpn file? ›

Click on the Advanced tab. In the advanced commands area, add the command data-ciphers-fallback <cipher> on a new line, replacing "<cipher>" with the correct cipher to use. For example, if the cipher was "AES-256-CBC", you should add the command data-ciphers-fallback AES-256-CBC . Save the changes and try connecting.

What data ciphers does Pfsense OpenVPN use? ›

The list of Data Encryption Algorithms OpenVPN may use for this VPN, in order of preference. The default selection uses AES-GCM in 256 and 128 bit varieties as well as ChaCha20-Poly135. The best practice is to use AEAD ciphers such as AES-GCM and ChaCha20-Poly135.

What are data ciphers? ›

Ciphers, also called encryption algorithms, are systems for encrypting and decrypting data. A cipher converts the original message, called plaintext, into ciphertext using a key to determine how it is done.

How do I fix a VPN certificate error? ›

This can be solved by reconnecting to the VPN, restarting your router, or temporarily disabling your firewall. You should also make sure your VPN provider is compatible with your chosen network, such as Firefox. An expired certificate is the most common reason for a VPN certificate validation failure.

How do I fix common SSL protocol or cipher suite? ›

When the ERR_SSL_VERSION_OR_CIPHER_MISMATCH Chrome error occurs, you can try these simple fixes to fix it:
  1. Check your internet connection.
  2. Check the SSL certificate.
  3. Delete Browser Cache and Cookies.
  4. Clear the SSL State.
  5. Check RC4 Cipher Suite.
  6. Check for Certificate Name Mismatch.
  7. Remove Unnecessary Add-ons and Extensions.
Jan 10, 2024

How do I enable AES-256 encryption? ›

Log in to your account portal. From the left menu, select a Project. Scroll down to Project Settings. Under Advance Settings, select the toggle to enable or disable you can choose AES-256 encryption.

Can you decrypt AES-256 without key? ›

Since AES is a symmetric key cipher, it uses the same secret key for both encryption and decryption. This means that both the sender and receiver of the data in question need a copy of the secret key.

How do I disable data channel offload in OpenVPN? ›

When starting openvpn it will automatically detect DCO support and use the kernel module. Add the option --disable-dco to disable data channel offload support. If the configuration contains an option that is incompatible with data channel offloading, OpenVPN will automatically disable DCO support and warn the user.

What is the default cipher for OpenVPN server? ›

Since Access Server 2.5 and OpenVPN client 2.4 the default is now AES-256-GCM. So if your Access Server is 2.5 or newer, and your OpenVPN client is 2.4 or newer, you will almost certainly be using AES-256-GCM for the encryption cipher now. You can verify this in the logs using the instructions in this document.

Which protocol should OpenVPN use? ›

UDP stands for User Datagram Protocol. Though it can be configured to run on any port, OpenVPN runs best on a UDP port.

What kind of encryption does OpenVPN use? ›

The OpenVPN tunneling protocol uses the Secure Socket Layer (SSL) encryption protocol to ensure data shared via the Internet remains private using AES-256 encryption.

How to decode a cipher? ›

Cryptography 101: Basic solving techniques for substitution ciphers
  1. Scan through the cipher, looking for single-letter words. ...
  2. Count how many times each symbol appears in the puzzle. ...
  3. Pencil in your guesses over the ciphertext. ...
  4. Look for apostrophes. ...
  5. Look for repeating letter patterns.
Sep 27, 2021

What are the three types of ciphers? ›

There are various types of ciphers, including:
  • Substitution ciphers. Replace bits, characters, or character blocks in plaintext with alternate bits, characters or character blocks to produce ciphertext. ...
  • Transposition ciphers. ...
  • Polygraphic ciphers. ...
  • Permutation ciphers. ...
  • Private-key cryptography. ...
  • Public-key cryptography.

What is an example of a cipher code? ›

For example, "GOOD DOG" can be encrypted as "PLLX XLP" where "L" substitutes for "O", "P" for "G", and "X" for "D" in the message. Transposition of the letters "GOOD DOG" can result in "DGOGDOO". These simple ciphers and examples are easy to crack, even without plaintext-ciphertext pairs.

Why is OpenVPN connect not working? ›

This indicates that the address and port that OpenVPN Connect is trying to reach doesn't have an Access Server web service running there. This can sometimes occur if your server address is misconfigured. To resolve this, ensure you've configured your server address correctly: Sign in to the Admin Web UI.

How to repair VPN? ›

If your VPN is not working or you are experiencing VPN disconnection issues, try the following troubleshooting tips:
  1. Test your internet connection. ...
  2. Check your VPN credentials. ...
  3. Restart your VPN software. ...
  4. Clear old VPN software from your device. ...
  5. Check your VPN settings. ...
  6. Keep your VPN up-to-date. ...
  7. Reinstall the VPN app.

How do I troubleshoot OpenVPN server? ›

These issues may prevent you from connecting successfully while the server operates normally.
  1. Verify that you can connect your VPN client to this server. ...
  2. Verify your own internet connection. ...
  3. Verify that you can access the web interface of Access Server. ...
  4. Verify that the VPN server address resolves correctly.

Can OpenVPN be decrypted? ›

Yes. Unless you also have encryption between yourself and the website (such as SSL). OpenVPN secures the connection between the openvpn client and the openvpn server. Between the server and the website, everything is as it would be if openvpn was not involved.

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