Requiring Adult Children to Pay for Aging Parents' Care (2024)

Requiring Adult Children to Pay for Aging Parents' Care (1)You may not realize, depending on where you live, that you could be responsible for your parents' unpaid bills. More than half of all states currently have laws in place making adult children financially responsible for their parents. This includes their long-term care costs and other medical bills. However, the upside is that authorities rarely enforce these laws.

Filial Responsibility

Filial support laws obligate adult children to provide necessities like food, clothing, housing, and medical attention for their parents who can't afford to take care of themselves. States may allow a civil court action to obtain financial support or cost recovery, impose criminal penalties on children who do not support their parents, or allow both civil and criminal actions.

Generally, most states with such laws do not require children to provide care if they lack the ability to pay. States also vary on what factors they consider when determining whether an adult child is able to pay. Children may not be legally obligated to support their parents if the parents abandoned them or did not support them.

With regard to long-term care, most low-income parents qualify for Medicaid. This makes it unnecessary for a nursing home to pursue the resident's children for payment.

In 2005, the Deficit Reduction Act made it more difficult to qualify for Medicaid. Experts predicted a wave of lawsuits by nursing homes under state filial responsibility statutes, but that did not happen.

In 2012, however, a court in Pennsylvania did rule a man responsible for paying his mother's $93,000 nursing home bill. The court based its decision on the state's filial laws.

Filial Responsibility States

Where do filial laws apply in the United States? As of 2024, the following are states with filial responsibility laws in place:

  • Alaska
  • Arkansas
  • California
  • Connecticut
  • Delaware
  • Georgia
  • Idaho
  • Indiana
  • Iowa
  • Kentucky
  • Louisiana
  • Massachusetts
  • Mississippi
  • Montana
  • Nevada
  • New Hampshire
  • New Jersey
  • North Carolina
  • North Dakota
  • Ohio
  • Oregon
  • Pennsylvania
  • Rhode Island
  • South Dakota
  • Tennessee
  • Utah
  • Vermont
  • Virginia
  • West Virginia

Read Your Parent's Nursing Home Contract

In most instances, adult children are not held responsible for their parent’s long-term care bills under filial responsibility laws.

However, they may have to pay a nursing home in other circ*mstances. In some cases, parents may have transferred assets to their children before applying for Medicaid. This can sometimes mean the children are held liable for the nursing home bills.

Sometimes children sign an agreement affirming that they will assist their parent in paying for a nursing home. The nursing home might opt to sue them for breach of contract if the parents cannot cover the costs of care.

After a parent dies, Medicaid estate recovery allows the state to recoup Medicaid benefits from the parent’s estate. This, too, can end up reducing the amount the children can inherit.

Confused About Filial Law? Consult With an Elder Law Attorney

If your parents or other family members need long-term care, consult with an experienced elder law attorney.

Elder law attorneys can help you or your aging parents understand their long-term care options or strategize on how to finance it. You also want to make certain you are not creating a situation in which you might be liable for your parent’s care. Elder law attorneys can assist you in understanding your rights. If, for example, the nursing home to which your parent is moving asks you to sign anagreement, an attorney can review it first.

Find a qualified elder law attorney near you today.

For additional reading on this topic, be sure to take a look through the following:


Created date: 05/21/2009

Requiring Adult Children to Pay for Aging Parents' Care (2024)

FAQs

Requiring Adult Children to Pay for Aging Parents' Care? ›

If the child is a power of attorney, he or she must ensure that the parent is cared for and bills are paid. That child is legally responsible to use his or her parent's assets to pay for care or establish Medicaid coverage. State law looks closely at the finances of a nursing home resident before he or she qualifies.

Is the obligation of adult children to care for their aging parents? ›

The obligation of adult children to care for their aging parents is referred to as: filial responsibility.

Are you financially responsible for your elderly parents? ›

Filial responsibility laws, also known as filial support laws, are legal statutes that require adult children to financially support their parents if they are unable to do so themselves. In California, these laws are outlined in Family Code Section 4400.

Should adult children be financially responsible for their parents? ›

Specifically, California Family Code section 4400 (“FC 4400”) states that, “Except as otherwise provided by law, an adult child shall, to the extent of the adult child's ability, support a parent who is in need and unable to self-maintain by work.”

Which US states have filial responsibility laws? ›

The states that have such laws on the books are Alaska, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, ...

Is it a child's responsibility to take care of their elderly parents? ›

In the United States, each state has its laws requiring children to take care of their elderly parents. In 30 states, an adult is liable for their old parents' care after they are unable to care for themselves. However, the statute establishing this filial obligation has never been implemented in 11 of these states.

Am I financially responsible for my parents? ›

Filial responsibility refers to an adult child's legal duty to support his or her parents. Thirty U.S. states currently have filial responsibility laws that obligate adult children to support parents if they can't do it themselves.

Are you forced to take care of your parents? ›

There aren't any legal obligations for adult children to be the primary caregivers for elderly family members, but many feel a moral and ethical obligation to physically care for their parents.

What to do when siblings won't help with elderly parents? ›

If siblings' behavior doesn't change, it's time to do what caregivers without siblings do: Find support and help elsewhere. You don't have to go it alone. Caregiver support groups, other relatives, and friends who have been caregivers can provide a place to vent or to find help and support.

Can you legally take over elderly parents finances if they are mismanaging money? ›

If your parent hasn't executed a durable financial power of attorney and doesn't have a living trust, and they become incapacitated and unable to manage their finances, the only way you can get legal authority to act on their behalf is a conservatorship.

How do I get my adult child to be financially responsible? ›

How to Help Your Young Adult Children Learn Financial Independence
  1. Think twice before giving gifts. ...
  2. Encourage your child to build an emergency fund. ...
  3. Help them make a budget. ...
  4. Consider a loan instead of a gift. ...
  5. Be honest about your own situation.
Dec 6, 2023

When should you stop supporting adult children? ›

There is no universally correct age that parents should stop supporting their children once they reach adulthood, as each family will need to make the determination based on what is best for their wallets and to best support their values.

What are filial obligations to elderly parents? ›

Filial responsibility is a concept in elder law. It describes the duty an older person's adult children may have to support them. It typically occurs when the parent lacks the financial means to support themselves.

Can you be forced to take care of an elderly parent in Texas? ›

While there is no legal obligation for children to provide care for their parents in Texas, many do.

Are filial responsibility laws constitutional? ›

1953) (finding that filial responsibility statutes are not unconstitutional on grounds that they constitute a taking of private property without just compensation).

Are you legally responsible for your elderly parents in Florida? ›

Florida does not currently have a filial responsibility statute, but that may change as Florida retirees, many of whom are living on Social Security income alone, age and require greater care. The best defense agains such laws is Elder Law plannning. If your parents aren't milliionaires, then early advice is essential.

Who has responsibility towards aging parents? ›

Currently, 28 states have laws called filial responsibility laws, requiring adult children to support their aging parents. In addition, a bill passed in 2005 may place a heavier burden of taking care of parents' nursing home bills on adult children. Filial responsibility laws differ from state to state.

What happens when you can no longer care for an elderly parent? ›

For these seniors, in home care services, such as help from a personal care aide or home health aide, may be the right choice. Other seniors may prefer assisted living facilities or nursing homes. If your parents want to remain in their home, evaluate local licensed home care agencies.

What are the responsibilities of adult children to their parents? ›

To avoid feelings of resentment, and to encourage independence, your adult child should have some responsibilities in the household beyond taking care of his or her own space and laundry. Take time to discuss together what those responsibilities will be, such as doing yard work, cleaning or grocery shopping.

What is an adult who feels obligated to care for their aging parents also called? ›

Personal Feelings of Obligation and Normative Obligations

Norms of filial responsibility refer to the recognized duties and obligations that define the social role of adult children with respect to their aging parents.

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