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Encryption can be defined as the process that transforms plain text into ciphertext. Essentially, it’s used to encode the data. The encryption process requires a key, which can later be used to decrypt the original message.
This article will discuss the different methods you can utilize to encrypt a string in Python.
Using the Simple Crypt module is the fastest and simplest way to achieve the encryption process for Python 2.7 and 3. This method converts plaintext into a ciphertext in seconds, with the help of a single line of code.
The PyCrypto module supplies the algorithm implementation for this library, and it uses the AES256 cipher. This method incorporates an HMAC check with the SHA256 cipher to notify when the ciphertext is altered or modified.
Simple Crypt has two functions: encrypt and decrypt. It is essential to install both the pycrypto and the simplecrypt modules to use both these functions.
The following code uses simplecrypt to encrypt a string in Python:
from simplecrypt import encrypt, decrypt passkey = 'wow' str1 = 'I am okay' cipher = encrypt(passkey, str1) print(cipher)The output of this code would be a cluster of random letters.
To decode/decrypt the ciphertext, we will use the following command:
print(decrypt('wow', cipher))Output:
I am okayThe term cryptocode is a simple library that lets us encrypt and decrypt strings securely and simply in Python 3 or above. Remember that this library needs to be manually installed; it can be done using the pip command.
The program below uses the cryptocode library to encrypt a string in Python:
import cryptocode str_encoded = cryptocode.encrypt("I am okay","wow") ## And then to decode it: str_decoded = cryptocode.decrypt(str_encoded, "wow") print(str_decoded)Output:
I am okayThe first parameter in the function would be the string that needs to be encrypted. The second parameter needs to be the key, which will be used for the decryption purpose.
Cryptography is a Python package that can be used to achieve Symmetric-key Encryption. Symmetric-key Encryption is a way in which we use the same key for the encoding and decoding process.
The Cryptography library needs to be installed in order to use this method for encryption; this can be done by using the pip command.
The following code uses the cryptography package functions to encrypt a string in Python:
from cryptography.fernet import Fernet str1 = "I am okay" key = Fernet.generate_key() fernet = Fernet(key) enctex = fernet.encrypt(str1.encode()) dectex = fernet.decrypt(enctex).decode() print("The primordial string: ", str1) print("The Encrypted message: ", enctex) print("The Decrypted message: ", dectex)Output:
The primordial string: I am okay The Encrypted message: <a stack of random letters> The Decrypted message: I am okayIn the code above, we import Fernet from the cryptography.fernet module. Then, we generate an encryption key that will be used for both encoding and decoding purposes. The Fernet class is instanced with the encryption key. The string is then encrypted with the Fernet instance. Finally, it is decrypted with the Fernet class instance.
Symmetric-key Encryption is an effortless way for encrypting a string. The only drawback is it’s comparatively less secure. Anyone with the key can read the encrypted text.
The RSA algorithm in Python implements the Asymmetric-key Encryption. Asymmetric-key Encryption uses two different keys for the encryption and decryption process.
These two keys are the private key and public key. The Public Key is public and is used for the process of encryption. Anyone with the public key can encrypt and send the data; only the receiver has the private key. Additionally, someone with access to it can also decrypt the data.
The rsa library needs to be installed first to use this method. You can use the general pip command for the installation of this library.
The following code uses the RSA algorithm to encrypt a string in Python:
import rsa pubkey, privkey = rsa.newkeys(512) str1 = "I am okay" enctex = rsa.encrypt(str1.encode(),pubkey) dectex = rsa.decrypt(enctex, privkey).decode() print("The primordial string: ", str1) print("The Encrypted message: ", enctex) print("The Decrypted message: ", dectex)Output:
The primordial string: I am okay The Encrypted message: <a stack of random letters> The Decrypted message: I am okayIn the above code, the rsa module is imported, and the public and private keys are generated with the help of the rsa.newkeys() function. Then, the string is encrypted using the public key. The string can then be decrypted by using only the private key. The public and private keys in the case of this program are pubkey and privkey, respectively.
Asymmetric-key Encryption provides better security than Symmetric-key Encryption. As in the former, a specific private key is only accessible to the receiver and is used for the decryption purpose. Whereas there exists only one key in the latter, making the decryption process easier and less secure from attacks by the third parties in the middle of the sender and the receiver.
