Mortgage Interest Deduction: How does it work? (2024)

You can deduct the interest that you pay on your mortgage loan if the loan meets IRS mortgage requirements.

Mortgage Interest Deduction: How does it work? (5)

Key Takeaways

  • When you repay a mortgage loan, you typically can deduct the interest part of your payments. This is true if the loan meets IRS mortgage rules.
  • You can usually deduct mortgage interest on your tax return. The loan must be secured by your home. The loan's proceeds must be used to buy, build, or improve your main residence. It can also be used for one other home you own and use for personal purposes.
  • Mortgage interest for a rental home typically doesn't qualify as an itemized deduction on your tax return. But it usually qualifies as a rental expense deduction.
  • You can deduct mortgage interest from new loans for your personal residence on your tax return. But, the deduction is limited to the first $750,000 of the loan..

Mortgage interest deduction

When you repay a mortgage loan, the payments are mostly interest. This is true in the first few years. Even later on, the interest portion can still be a significant part of your payments. However, you can deduct the interest that you pay if the loan meets IRS mortgage requirements.

Mortgage loan requirements

You can deduct the interest from your mortgage payments when you file a tax return, but only if the loan is secured by your home. Also, the loan proceeds must have been used to buy, build, or improve your main home and one other home you own and use for personal purposes.

If you rent out your second home to tenants, it's not being used for personal purposes. So, it doesn't qualify for the mortgage interest deduction on your tax return. However, a rental home will qualify if you also use it as a residence for 15 days or more per year or over 10 percent of the days you rent it to tenants.

TurboTax Tip:

Mortgage discount points usually are deductible in the year that you purchase the home. If not, you typically can deduct them over the repayment period.

Mortgage Interest Tax Deduction Limit

The IRS places several limits on the amount of interest that you can deduct each year on your tax return.

  • For tax years before 2018, you can deduct the interest paid on up to $1 million of acquisition debt if you itemize on your tax return. The interest on an additional $100,000 of debt can be deductible if certain requirements are met.
  • Starting in 2018, deductible interest for new loans is limited to principal amounts of $750,000. Loans from before December 16, 2017, or under a contract that closes before April 1, 2018, follow the old rules, for tax years before 2018.
  • If you're married and file a separate return from your spouse, then the limitation is cut in half. These limits are cumulative for all of your mortgage debt on both homes. For example, if you're single and have an $800,000 mortgage on your main home and a $400,000 mortgage on your summer home, you could only deduct the interest on the first $1 million. Both loans are each under the $1,000,000 limit for tax years prior to 2018.

Including mortgage points

Mortgage discount points are also called prepaid interest. They are fees you pay at closing to get a lower mortgage rate. You can usually deduct these costs in the year you buy the home. If not, you can deduct them pro rata over the repayment period. For example, if you pay $3,000 in points to get a lower mortgage rate, you can increase your mortgage interest deduction by $3,000 in the tax year you close on the home.

How to claim the home mortgage interest deduction

Follow these steps to claim your mortgage interest deduction:

  1. Decide between the Standard Deduction and itemized deductions. Choosing the Standard Deduction means fewer forms. You also don't need to prove your deductions. It offers a predetermined amount that varies by filing status. For the tax year 2023, the amounts are:
  • $13,850 for single or married filing separately
  • $27,700 for married couples filing jointly
  • $20,800 for heads of households

Choosing an itemized deduction lets you pick from various deductions. These include charitable donations and medical expenses. You need to fill out extra forms for this option. You also need to provide proof for each deduction. Both deduction types lower your taxable income.

  1. Obtain form 1098 from your mortgage lender. Your mortgage lender or servicer will give you Form 1098. It details your paid mortgage interest and points for the year. This form is essential for your mortgage interest deduction claim. If you haven't received this form by mid-February, contact your lender. If you need help understanding it, also contact your lender.
  2. Select the appropriate tax forms. To claim the mortgage interest deduction, list it on Schedule A (Form 1040). You must itemize your deductions to do this. You need different forms for income from your home, like rental or business use.
  • Schedule E (Form 1040): Use this for deducting interest on rental properties.
  • Use Schedule C (Form 1040 or 1040-SR for those 65 or older). Use it if part of your home is a home office or if your mortgage funds your business.

Example of mortgage interest deduction decision making. Deciding whether to itemize or take the Standard Deduction depends on which saves more. Consider a single filer with the following deductions: mortgage interest ($9,500) and charitable contributions ($2,500). These total $12,000. Here, the $13,850 Standard Deduction is better. It cuts taxable income by an extra $1,850.

But, if the mortgage interest was $13,000 and charitable contributions $3,000, totaling $16,000, itemizing would be better. It would save an extra $2,150 over the Standard Deduction.

Let a local tax expert matched to your unique situation get your taxes done 100% right with TurboTax Live Full Service. Your expert can work with you in real time and maximize your deductions, finding every dollar you deserve, guaranteed.

You can also file taxes on your own with TurboTax Deluxe. We’ll search over 350 deductions and credits so you don’t miss a thing.

Mortgage Interest Deduction: How does it work? (2024)

FAQs

Mortgage Interest Deduction: How does it work? ›

The mortgage interest deduction is a tax incentive for homeowners. It allows them to write off some of the interest charged by their home loan. The deduction reduces your taxable income by the amount of interest paid on the loan during the year, along with some other related expenses.

How does the mortgage interest deduction work? ›

The mortgage interest deduction is an itemized deduction for interest paid on home mortgages. It reduces households' taxable incomes and, consequently, their total taxes paid. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) reduced the amount of principal and limited the types of loans that qualify for the deduction.

How much money do you get back on taxes for mortgage interest? ›

You can deduct the interest you paid during the tax year on the first $750,000 of your mortgage. For married couples filing separately, the limit is $375,000.

How do I calculate how much of my mortgage interest is deductible? ›

Divide the maximum debt limit by your remaining mortgage balance, then multiply that result by the interest paid to figure out your deduction. Let's consider an example: Your mortgage is $1 million. Since the deduction limit is $750,000, you'll divide $750,000 by $1 million to get 0.75.

How does a tax deduction for home mortgage interest affect the economy? ›

Still, the vast majority of people don't benefit from the mortgage interest deduction, and many economists argue there's not much evidence that the mortgage interest deduction encourages more people to buy homes instead of renting. Instead, there's evidence it drives up home prices or incentivizes bigger homes.

Is mortgage deduction worth it? ›

Claiming mortgage interest can save you money in taxes, even if you are limited in how much interest you can claim. However, this break typically only benefits people with large, expensive loans or a lot of other deductions. Keep an eye on how much interest you pay and compare it to the standard deduction.

Who benefits from a mortgage interest deduction? ›

The mortgage interest deduction is a tax incentive for homeowners. This itemized deduction allows homeowners to subtract mortgage interest from their taxable income, lowering the amount of taxes they owe. Homeowners can also claim the deduction on loans for second homes providing that they stay within IRS limits.

Do you get a bigger tax return if you have a mortgage? ›

If you have a mortgage on your home, you can deduct your mortgage interest to reduce your total tax liability. If you purchased or refinanced your home recently, chances are that you have a relatively high interest rate.

Why does my mortgage interest not reduce my taxes? ›

The interest you pay on a mortgage on a home other than your main or second home may be deductible if the proceeds of the loan were used for business, investment, or other deductible purposes. Otherwise, it is considered personal interest and isn't deductible.

Does mortgage interest increase your tax refund? ›

In general, yes. The mortgage interest deduction allows you to reduce your taxable income by the amount of money you've paid in mortgage interest during the year.

Is homeowners insurance tax deductible? ›

Some taxpayers have asked if homeowner's insurance is tax deductible. Here's the skinny: You can only deduct homeowner's insurance premiums paid on rental properties. Homeowner's insurance is never tax deductible your main home.

How does mortgage interest work? ›

When you have a mortgage, you pay interest on the amount of the loan that you haven't yet repaid to your lender. Two basic types of mortgages are fixed-rate, in which the interest rate stays the same, and adjustable-rate, in which the interest rate can change over time.

How does a tax deduction work? ›

A deduction is an amount you subtract from your income when you file so you don't pay tax on it. By lowering your income, deductions lower your tax. You need documents to show expenses or losses you want to deduct. Your tax software will calculate deductions for you and enter them in the right forms.

Is the mortgage interest 100% tax deductible? ›

The interest you pay on a qualified mortgage or home equity loan is deductible on your federal tax return, but only if you itemize your deductions and follow IRS guidelines.

Does having a mortgage give you a tax break? ›

If you have a mortgage on your home, you can take advantage of the mortgage interest deduction. You can lower your taxable income through this itemized deduction of mortgage interest.

Why is there a limit on mortgage interest deduction? ›

Given the state's high cost of housing, many homeowners in California have mortgage loans that exceed the federal limit, making them ineligible for the full deduction on their state income taxes.

Why is mortgage interest no longer tax deductible? ›

If the loan is not a secured debt on your home, it is considered a personal loan, and the interest you pay usually isn't deductible. Your home mortgage must be secured by your main home or a second home. You can't deduct interest on a mortgage for a third home, a fourth home, etc.

Can both spouses claim mortgage interest when filing separately? ›

For example, if amounts are paid from a joint checking account for interest on a residence both you and your spouse own, you would each deduct half of the mortgage interest paid on your separate returns.

Who qualifies for the mortgage interest credit? ›

Who Does the Mortgage Credit Certificate Program Serve? The MCC program serves low to moderate income borrowers, generally first‐time homebuyers who earn no more than the greater of their statewide or area median income. 82 percent of MCC borrowers in 2022 earned the area median income or below.

Can one person claim all mortgage interest if joint purchase? ›

Mortgage interest is deductible for the person who paid it. If you paid the whole mortgage from an individual account, you get 100% of the deduction. If the mortgage is paid from a joint account, each spouse typically deducts 50%.

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