Legitimate Avenues for Recovery of Investment Losses (2024)

It can be difficult to recover assets lost to fraud or other scenarios in which an investor has experienced a problem with an investment. But there are legitimate ways to attempt recovery. In most cases you can do so on your own—at little or no cost.

Arbitration or Mediation
Investors can file anarbitration claim or request mediationthrough FINRA when they have a dispute involving the business activities of a brokerage firm or one if its brokers. To be considered, the alleged act resulting in a claim must have taken place within the past six years. Arbitration can be a faster, cheaper and a less complex option to recover money rather than going to court. You may want to hire an attorney to represent you during the arbitration or mediation proceedings to provide direction and advice. If you cannot afford an attorney, some law schools provide legal representation through securities arbitration clinics. These services require modest filing fees depending on the size of the claim. However, FINRA may grant financial hardship waivers when warranted.

Restitution from SEC and FINRA Enforcement Actions
Both the SEC and FINRA are authorized to take enforcement actions that may include financial restitution for investors. The SEC maintains apagewith information for harmed investors. It contains a list of enforcement actions that, in some cases, include funds paid by defendants or respondents to satisfy a judgment. Distributions may be administered by the SEC staff, a receiver or third-party fund administrator that has been appointed by the Commission or court to administer the distribution.

Enforcement actions by FINRA might also includepaymentsto investors. Distributions may be administered by FINRA staff, the securities firm itself under FINRA oversight, or a third-party administrator appointed by FINRA.Learn more about assisting FINRA in an investigation.

Investors entitled to a recovery of funds will likely receive a communication by the regulatory body or appointed party in advance of any asset distribution. Be aware that fraudsters mayimpersonateFINRA, the SEC or other government organizations in an attempt to build credibility with those they hope to defraud.

Fair Funds and Disgorgement Plans
The Fair Fund provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 give the SEC authority to distribute financial penalties to injured investors. The SEC maintains a list of cases involvingFair Funds and Disgorgement Plans.

SIPC Protections
The Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC) is a non-profit, non-government membership corporation, funded by member broker-dealers. SIPC provideslimited protectionsto investors. Specifically, if a firm that clears securities trades (a clearing firm) becomes insolvent or otherwise financially incapable of returning the customer’s property, it is SIPC’s responsibility to make sure the customer’s cash and securities are returned, within limits specified by law.

Someone Chooses You

Regulators often warn consumers to be wary of unsolicited offers, and this holds true for offers to help you recover investment assets. As with any service, carefully check out the firm and individuals before you commit to a service or advance fee, especially if they contact you first.

FINRA BrokerCheck
Use FINRA BrokerCheck to see if any individuals who are now operating arbitration services have worked in the securities industry, and if they have any regulatory events disclosed to regulators. Be wary of individuals who have been barred from FINRA membership who are now offering asset recovery services. Anyone barred from FINRA membership cannot represent clients in securities arbitrations.

Legal Resources
Use the American Bar Association's Consumers' Guide to Legal Help to find legal resources, including lawyer licensing information in your state. Disbarred attorneys cannot represent clients in securities arbitrations. FINRA cannot recommend a lawyer, but offers tips and resources to help find and research an attorney.

SIPC's coverage also extends to firms that sell stocks and bonds to the public (introducing firms). Coverageincludes limited protection against unauthorized trading in customers’ securities accounts. This coverage can include unauthorized trading by persons associated with the introducing firm and may be available even if the clearing firm, but not the introducing firm, is still solvent.SIPC does not protect against market risk, such as when the value of a stock declines. Again, be wary of fraud associated with the SIPC name. SIPC notes on itsFraud Alertpage that fraud is real and impersonators may try to pose as SIPC in an attempt to defraud investors.

Class Action Lawsuits
Investors may also be eligible to participate in class action lawsuits. Check theSecurities Class Action Clearinghouseto find out whether a private class action lawsuit relating to a given investment has been filed.

Corporate Bankruptcy Proceedings
It may be possible to recover funds from companies that have filed forcorporate bankruptcy, a process that is handled through the courts. A company’s reorganization plan will provide details about what an investor can expect to receive, if anything, from the company.

Recovering money from investment losses or fraud can be difficult and take time. But using the options above—and learning to spot fraudulent pitches—can help ensure that attempts at recovery do not result in additional financial loss.

Additional Resources

Legitimate Avenues for Recovery of Investment Losses (2024)

FAQs

Legitimate Avenues for Recovery of Investment Losses? ›

Report to Authorities: Contact regulatory authorities such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). Consult a Lawyer: Seek legal counsel experienced in investment fraud to understand your rights and options.

How do you recover investment losses? ›

In order to recover your investment losses you must go to the proper forum. In most cases this means filing an arbitration claim with FINRA Dispute Resolution, Inc. With few exceptions, any financial planning firm, and the individuals who sell investments for the firm must be licensed or registered to sell securities.

What to do when your investments are losing money? ›

"If you want to stay invested, sell at a loss and use the proceeds to buy into a similar, but not substantially identical, fund," Wybar says. "This way you can recoup the loss and participate in upside returns when the market goes back up."

How do you treat loss on investment? ›

Capital losses can be used as deductions on the investor's tax return, just as capital gains must be reported as income. Unlike capital gains, capital losses can be divided into three categories: Realized losses occur on the actual sale of the asset or investment. Unrealized losses are not reported.

How do I get my money back from a bad investment? ›

Arbitration or Mediation

Investors can file an arbitration claim or request mediation through FINRA when they have a dispute involving the business activities of a brokerage firm or one if its brokers. To be considered, the alleged act resulting in a claim must have taken place within the past six years.

Is there a tax break for investment losses? ›

You can deduct stock losses from other reported taxable income up to the maximum amount allowed by the IRS—$3,000 a year—if you have no capital gains to offset your capital losses or if the total net figure between your short- and long-term capital gains and losses is a negative number, representing an overall capital ...

How do you harvest investment losses? ›

The three steps in the tax-loss harvesting process are: 1) Sell securities that have lost value; 2) Use the capital loss to offset capital gains on other sales; 3) Replace the exited investments with similar (but not too similar) investments to maintain the desired investment exposure.

Can you offset investment losses? ›

Losses made from the sale of capital assets are not allowed to be offset against income, other than in very specific circ*mstances (broadly if you have disposed of qualifying trading company shares). You cannot claim a loss made on the disposal of an asset that is exempt from capital gains tax (CGT).

How to recover from a big loss in the stock market? ›

How to Recover From a Big Trading Loss
  1. Learn from your mistakes. Traders need to be able to recognize their strengths and weaknesses—and plan around them. ...
  2. Keep a trade log. ...
  3. Write it off. ...
  4. Slowly start to rebuild. ...
  5. Scale up and scale down. ...
  6. Use limit and stop orders.
Mar 11, 2024

How to recover from huge financial loss? ›

It's so common, in fact, there are some key, proven steps to help you come back if and when you experience a financial setback:
  1. You can succeed. ...
  2. Know your financial resources. ...
  3. Set up a budget and prioritize expenses. ...
  4. Take action now. ...
  5. Seek out professional help.

What happens if you lose more money than you invest? ›

The price of a stock can fall to zero, but you would never lose more than you invested. Although losing your entire investment is painful, your obligation ends there. You will not owe money if a stock declines in value. For these reasons, cash accounts are likely your best bet as a beginner investor.

How do I claim worthless investments? ›

Here's what you need to do to report your loss: Report any worthless securities on Form 8949. You'll need to explain to the IRS that your loss totals differ from those presented by your broker on your Form 1099-B and why. You need to treat securities as if they were sold or exchanged on the last day of the tax year.

How do you overcome a failed investment? ›

At this juncture, some tips that will be useful while dealing with failed investment strategies include:
  1. Take a financial break.
  2. Talk to people sailing in the same boat.
  3. Stay away from all financial media.
  4. Look at the more significant, long-term picture.
  5. Curb the short-term urge.
  6. Redirect Energies on Controllable Events.

How far back can you claim investment losses? ›

In general, you can carry capital losses forward indefinitely, either until you use them all up or until they run out. Carryovers of capital losses have no time limit, so you can use them to offset capital gains or as a deduction against ordinary income in subsequent tax years until they are exhausted.

How do I claim loss on worthless investment? ›

Here's what you need to do to report your loss: Report any worthless securities on Form 8949. You'll need to explain to the IRS that your loss totals differ from those presented by your broker on your Form 1099-B and why. You need to treat securities as if they were sold or exchanged on the last day of the tax year.

Can you carry back investment losses? ›

A net capital loss is carried back 3 years and forward up to 5 years as a short-term capital loss. Carry back a capital loss to the extent it doesn't increase or produce a net operating loss in the tax year to which it is carried.

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