How to Grow Butterfly Bush Throughout the Season
Growth Habit: Butterfly Bushes grow 2 to 10 feet tall and wide. The species versions grow the largest and produce the most flowers. New breeding has created many dwarf varieties that fit better in the landscape.
This woody shrub can die back to the ground in climates colder than USDA zone 5. In warmer areas, it regrows consistently each spring from old wood. The leaves can be thin, narrow and silver-green colored. Some varieties have green and yellow variegated leaves. The fragrant flowers form on 5- to 12-inch-long clusters in white, blue, lavender, pink, orange, purple, yellow with many intermediate shades.
Staking: Butterfly Bushes grown in full sun have strong-enough stems that will hold the flower clusters upright and will not need staking. Tall varieties grown in part shade may have leggy and floppy stems that benefit from a cage of chicken wire wrapped around the plant, or staking of individual branches with a metal or wooden stake before flowering.
Watering: Butterfly Bushes grow best in moist, well-drained soils. Keep the soil consistently moist all summer for best growth and flowering especially during hot, dry weather.
Fertilizing: Amend the soil at planting time with compost. Each spring, add a 2- to 3-inch thick layer of compost around the base of the plants. The compost not only feeds the plant roots, but also enhances the organic matter in the soil so that it stays consistently moist.
Mulching: Mulch in early spring with a 2- to 3-inch thick layer of shredded bark mulch or leaf mold to prevent weed growth and to conserve soil moisture. Keep the mulch away from the branch stems and crown to avoid rot diseases.
Trimming & Pruning: Deadhead (snip off) spent flowers after they start to fade to tidy up the plant, encourage more blossoms to form, and prevent self-sowing. Prune butterfly bushes in early spring to remove winter-injured, diseased, and broken branches. In cold climates, the branches may die back to the root system during harsh winters. Wait until late spring to decide if the branch is dead. Butterfly Bushes can be slow to leaf out in spring.
For taller Butterfly Bushes with healthy growth, prune all the branches back to one foot off the ground in early spring to stimulate new growth and more flowering.