Changes in the market, major life events, and uncertainty are factors that can influence your 401(k) contributions. An employer 401(k) plan can offer many tax benefits, but that’s not the only important advantage for you and your contributions. There is also a lesser known but very helpful investment strategy called dollar cost averaging. This approach works well with regular contributions, like the ones you make to a 401(k), and can help you improve your investments over time. Here, Meghan Hannon, CRPS®, CPFA®, Partner and Head of Retirement Planning Consulting, explains what dollar cost averaging is, how it works and how this investment strategy can benefit your unique situation.
What is Dollar Cost Averaging?
Dollar cost averaging is a methodical strategy for investing, which involves regularly putting a set amount of money into the market regardless of its ups and downs. This approach is built into the process of setting aside money for retirement through an employer 401(k) plan. Here are a few key advantages to this method:
- Regular Contributions: You decide on a fixed amount of money to contribute to your 401(k) account at regular intervals, like monthly or with each paycheck.
- Consistent Investments: Contributions are made regularly, regardless of market performance. This disciplined approach persists over the long term.
- Variable Share Purchases: Since your contribution remains constant, the number of shares purchased varies based on the current price of the investment at each contribution period. When the price is high, the fixed amount buys fewer shares, and when the price is low, it buys more shares.
- Averaging Out Market Fluctuations: Over time, this strategy aims to smooth out the effects of market volatility. Regular contributions help mitigate the impact of market timing, fostering a more stable, long-term investment.
How Does Dollar Cost Averaging Work?
When you enroll in your employer’s 401(k) plan, you select a contribution amount and choose an investment aligned with your retirement goals. Each pay period, a set sum is automatically deducted from your paycheck and invested in the chosen fund. Although the contribution amount (e.g., $100) remains constant, the number of shares purchased varies with the market price. Higher prices result in fewer shares bought, and lower prices result in more shares acquired. Over time, this averaging effect helps support disciplined investing during market volatility.
Beyond potential returns, dollar cost averaging offers additional benefits. It helps you avoid making emotional investment decisions during market downturns. During significant declines, such as the Great Recession of 2008 or the recent pandemic, you might be tempted to slow contributions or switch to more conservative investments. However, dollar cost averaging encourages consistent investing, even during downturns, by strategically acquiring more shares when prices are low. This approach reduces the anxiety associated with market volatility and eliminates the pressure to time the market for the “best” price, leading to a more stress-free investment experience.
Helping You Get There…
Retirement savings is a long-term journey, and market fluctuations are an inherent part of the process. It’s important not to let daily market moves distract you from the big picture. Regularly investing in your employer 401(k) plan can be a helpful tool in lowering risk. Connect with Meghan to learn more about dollar cost averaging and retirement planning and how Boulay Financial Advisors, LLC is helping you get there.
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