Honey Was the Wonder Food That Fueled Human Evolution (And Now It’s Disappearing) (2024)

Honey Was the Wonder Food That Fueled Human Evolution (And Now It’s Disappearing) (1)

Brains take a ton of energy to keep ticking, and human brains are proportionally huge. Therefore, humans need to consume a lot energy through their diets. For Last Word on Nothing, Heather Pringle explains that one food, maybe more than any other, could have allowed for our ancestor’s ever-expanding craniums. Starting 2.5 million years ago, she says,

ur hominin ancestors may have dined extensively for the first time on energy-rich honey, a food that may have fueled the evolution of our large, metabolically costly brains. The earliest member of our genus, hom*o, emerged some 1.5 to 2 million years ago, equipped with brains significantly larger than their predecessors. Moreover, they possessed smaller molars, suggesting that they were dining on an easily consumed food. Honey.

As a modern analogue, Pringle points to the hunter-gatherer society of the Hadza people, a culture in eastern Africa that “prize honey above all else in their diet.” This preference for honey has lead the Hadza hunters to develop a symbiotic relationship with a local bird species know as the greater honeyguide. Pringle says,

The bird dines almost entirely on beeswax and bee larvae, but it needs help to crack open hives. So the honeyguide calls to both honey badgers and Hadza hunters. When human hunters whistle back, the bird gradually leads the men by call-and-response song to the nearest colony.

The Hazda’s preference for honey may have stemmed from the same drive as some of our earliest ancestors: honey is energy dense and can even provide protein and fat on top of its abundant sugars.

But if it’s true that honey is one of the pillars that brought us so far as a species, that lends extra gravity to the recent epidemic ravaging honeybee populations known as colony collapse disorder. Potentially caused by a combination of pesticides, food stress and parasites, colony collapse disorder is wiping out bee populations across the western world. The disorder has so far had a profound effect on honey production, with 2011 being “one of the lowest crops in recorded history of honey production.”

More from Smithsonian.com:

Humans: The Honey Hunters
Honey Bees Still Struggling
North American Bumblebees on the Decline

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Honey Was the Wonder Food That Fueled Human Evolution (And Now It’s Disappearing) (2)

Colin Schultz | | READ MORE

Colin Schultz is a freelance science writer and editor based in Toronto, Canada. He blogs for Smart News and contributes to the American Geophysical Union. He has a B.Sc. in physical science and philosophy, and a M.A. in journalism.

Honey Was the Wonder Food That Fueled Human Evolution (And Now It’s Disappearing) (2024)

FAQs

Honey Was the Wonder Food That Fueled Human Evolution (And Now It’s Disappearing)? ›

Honey Was the Wonder Food That Fueled Human Evolution (And Now It's Disappearing) Brains take a ton of energy to keep ticking, and human brains are proportionally huge. Therefore, humans need to consume a lot energy through their diets.

What role did honey play in human evolution? ›

Honey and bee larvae were foods vital to human evolution and the development of early man's large brain - a notable characteristic of the human species - according to a new study by UNLV anthropologist Alyssa Crittenden.

Did ancient humans eat honey? ›

We suggest that honey has been part of the diet of our ancestors dating back to at least the earliest hominins.

How much honey do Hadza eat? ›

Members of the Hadza, a hunter-gatherer community from Tanzania, obtain 15% of their calories from honey.

How long have people eaten honey? ›

Samples of honey discovered in archaeological contexts have proven edible even after millennia. Honey use and production has a long and varied history, with its beginnings in prehistoric times. Several cave paintings in Cuevas de la Araña in Spain depict humans foraging for honey at least 8,000 years ago.

What does honey do to humans? ›

Studies suggest that honey might offer antidepressant, anticonvulsant and anti-anxiety benefits. In some studies, honey has been shown to help prevent memory disorders. Wound care. Topical use of medical-grade honey has been shown to promote wound healing, particularly in burns.

Is honey meant for human consumption? ›

Honey is food made by bees for bees, but many people also enjoy it. Humans have prized honey for its sweet taste for thousands of years. Some researchers say honey is more than a sweetener. It may also have health benefits, though there is little evidence for some of its medicinal uses.

Does man made honey exist? ›

Yes and no. A substitute can be produced using cheap corn syrup. However, it could not be compared to real honey carefully produced by your local beekeeper. It would lack the numerous subtle ingredients which give honey its natural goodness and great variety of taste.

Can humans digest honey? ›

Honey is different because of the enzymes that are added to the nectar by bees that divide the sucrose into two simple sugars, fructose and glucose. These sugars are directly absorbed by our bodies and are easier to digest.

Is ancient honey still edible? ›

Archaeologists have found pots of honey in ancient Egyptian tombs that are over 3,000 years old, and it's still perfectly edible! This amazing fact isn't just a fun piece of trivia—it's also a fantastic way to explore STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) concepts with students.

What was the life expectancy of the Hadza people? ›

The life expectancy at birth is about 31 years but this is greatly driven by the infant mortality rate, and does not mean there are few old Hadza around. A woman who survives to age 45 has a life expectancy of about 21 more years (Blurton-Jones, Hawkes, & O'Connell, 2002).

What did our ancestors eat for breakfast? ›

As well as leftovers from the previous night, bread, porridge - made from grains that we still use today - fruits and honey were all commonly consumed.

How many times a day did our ancestors eat? ›

Our ancestors typically ate one substantial meal each day, supplemented with nuts and fruits as snacks.

Is 30 year old honey safe to eat? ›

Natural, properly preserved honey will not expire. In fact, archeologists found honey thousands of years old in ancient Egyptian tombs, and it was still good!

Is honey healthier than sugar? ›

Is honey better for you than sugar? Honey has a lower GI value than sugar, meaning that it does not raise blood sugar levels as quickly. Honey is sweeter than sugar, so you may need less of it, but it does have slightly more calories per teaspoon so it's wise to keep a close eye on your portion sizes.

Can you eat 200 year old honey? ›

Funnily enough, honey is one of the only natural food products to have no expiration date. It can't go off! Even if you found honey on your shelf that was 2,000 years old it would still be good to eat. Honey is naturally antibacterial, which prevents any bacteria or funk from growing inside it.

What role does honey play? ›

Honey is rich in nutrients and antioxidants, has antibacterial properties, and can play a role in diabetes management as part of a balanced diet. But that's not all. Honey is a syrupy liquid that honeybees make from plant nectar. It is a common ingredient in many foods and is available in many forms.

What was the importance of honey in ancient times? ›

The ancient Egyptians used honey as a sweetener, as a gift to their gods and even as an ingredient in embalming fluid. Honey cakes were baked by the Egyptians and used as an offering to placate the gods. The Greeks, too, made honey cakes and offered them to the gods.

Why are honey bees so important to humans? ›

Production of about one third of the human diet requires insect pollination, and honey bees perform the majority of pollination for these cultivated crops. Globally, three out of four species of cultivated crops are animal pollinated, and honey bees are able to pollinate most of these crops.

What is the evolutionary history of the honey bee? ›

Where did bees come from? Bees evolved from ancient predatory wasps that lived 120 million years ago. Like bees, these wasps built and defended their nests, and gathered food for their offspring.

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