Happiness Over the Lifespan (2024)

Reviewed by Psychology Today Staff

Happiness evolves with the different ages and milestones we experience. Although overall happiness levels may not oscillate dramatically, happiness tends to follow some patterns over the lifespan. Different aspects of life may provide greater satisfaction and meaning as we progress through childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age.

On This Page

  • How Happiness Changes With Age
  • Finding Happiness at Every Age

How Happiness Changes With Age

Every individual has a unique experience of life. But on average, happiness seems to follow a particular trajectory. Life satisfaction tends to begin fairly high, dip from young adulthood to midlife, and then climb again throughout later life. Relationships, employment, finances and more all play a role in how happiness ebbs and flows over time.

Does happiness decline with age?

People often worry that happiness diminishes with age, but that’s actually not the case. One large study found just a slight overall dip in happiness between age 20 and age 70—on a scale of 1 to 10, average life satisfaction went from 5.8 to 5.4.

The happiness curve refers to the trajectory that happiness tends to follow as we age. People begin life fairly happy. Around age 18, their happiness begins to decrease, reaching a low point in their 40s. But after age 50, happiness begins to rise again. This U-shaped happiness curve has emerged consistently in large studies of Western societies.

What explains the happiness curve?

There are a few theories for the happiness curve. From an economic standpoint, people begin working in early adulthood, which consumes more and more time. But greater financial security after age 50 may elevate happiness. From a psychological standpoint, people may begin life with high hopes, realize that they’re unrealistic, and subsequently determine to enjoy life as it is.

Is a midlife crisis a real thing?

People tend to see a slump in happiness around age 40, research shows, but the idea of a “crisis” is overblown. The term “midlife crisis” was coined by psychoanalyst Elliot Jaques in 1965, but the concept has shifted over time due to scientific and cultural changes.

Finding Happiness at Every Age

Happiness blossoms for different individuals at different ages. But certain influences may be stronger at specific life stages, such as freedom in childhood, socializing in adolescence, and professional goals in adulthood. No matter the life stage, though, there are always ways to find greater happiness.

There are many ways to raise happy kids, but meeting three of their basic needs—for freedom, belonging, and fun—is a great place to start. Find opportunities for children to feel a greater sense of independence, and to spend quality time with family and friends to cultivate belonging.

What makes adolescents happy?

Activities that involve socializing with others and that don’t rely on screens tend to make teens happy, research suggests. Social plans, sports, volunteering, and religious services are linked to greater happiness, and being alone, listening to music, and time online are linked to less happiness. Additionally, good sleep is key for happiness in adolescence.

What contributes to happiness in adulthood?

In addition to other factors, employment and marriage are both linked to greater life satisfaction in adulthood, research suggests. Employment has an especially strong influence on life satisfaction, an effect that peaks around age 50.

What makes older adults happy?

After a dip around age 40, research shows that happiness grows with age. Older adults derive happiness from meaningful relationships, volunteer work, and purpose-driven goals. While young adults often crave novelty and adventure, older adults tend to better appreciate smaller moments of joy, such as a visit from an old friend or a delicious meal.

Next: Happiness and Health

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Happiness Over the Lifespan (2024)

FAQs

What is the happiness curve of the lifespan? ›

Referred to as the Happiness U-Curve, the data show that on average, life satisfaction drops during midlife and begins its recovery around age 50, reaching its peak at the end of life. This perplexing phenomena and has been termed the paradox of aging.

What is the happiest age of life? ›

The researchers found people reached their happiest when they arrived at the age of 70. Life satisfaction decreased between the ages of nine and 16, increased a little until the age of 70, and then declined again until the age of 96.

Why do people get happier as they age? ›

We take less notice of trivial matters. We savor life. We're more appreciative, more open to reconciliation. We invest in more emotionally important parts of life, and life gets better, so we're happier day-to-day,” she says, in a TED Talk titled Older People Are Happier.

Does being happy increase your lifespan? ›

Happiness was significantly associated with lower mortality (p < . 001) adjusted for age, sex and ethnicity: HR = 0.85 per integer score and HR = 0.57 for fairly-or-very happy versus fairly-or-very sad.

Why is 47 the saddest age? ›

Put simply, at the age of 47.2, individuals across the world are often quite unhappy. Put a different way: Perhaps the midlife crisis truly does exist. Specifically, it's the fear of and the realities associated with growing older that seem to get most people down in the dumps.

At what age are people least happy? ›

In fact, that was what happiness looked like globally back in 2006–2010. At that time, people ages 45 to 59 were the least happy, followed by ages 30 to 44, those over 60, and finally the under 30s.

What is the most enjoyable age of life? ›

Most established adults we interviewed seemed to recognize that they were happier in their 30s than they were in their 20s, and this impacted how they thought about some of the signs of physical aging that they were starting to encounter.

What age is the hardest years of your life? ›

Early adulthood (20-29 years)

This stage involves transitioning into adulthood, making significant life choices about career, relationships, and where to live, often without a clear roadmap.

What is the best age in a person's life? ›

The Economist's international survey of happiness gathered data from America's General Social Survey, Eurobarometer and Gallup finding an upward trajectory of happiness until age 30, a downward trend into midlife, with the lowest point reached at age 46, and up to higher levels again after the 50's.

Do we get sadder as we age? ›

No matter what the reason, one thing holds true: Although occasional sadness is normal for everyone, young and old, depression is not a normal part of aging. In fact, some research suggests that people tend to get happier as they get older. That's mainly because it becomes easier to control emotions.

What age do you enjoy life the most? ›

People begin life fairly happy. Around age 18, their happiness begins to decrease, reaching a low point in their 40s. But after age 50, happiness begins to rise again. This U-shaped happiness curve has emerged consistently in large studies of Western societies.

Do we get nicer as we age? ›

Turns out you might not be a grumpy old man (or woman), after all. You'll probably get more agreeable as you age, at least through your 60s. You're also likely to be happier and less inclined to get angry. Scientists haven't figured out exactly why this happens, but they do have some theories.

At what age do you feel the happiest? ›

The study, published in the academic journal Psychology Bulletin, is based on 443 samples from studies involving a total of 460,902 participants. Life satisfaction was found to decrease between the ages of 9 and 16, then increase again slightly until the age of 70.

How to tell if you'll live long? ›

  1. Age & Gender. How long you have already lived is one of the best predictors of how long you may live. ...
  2. Height & Weight. Weight problems and obesity are epidemics in the USA in both kids and adults. ...
  3. Family History. Like gender and age, you can't control family history. ...
  4. Blood Pressure. ...
  5. Stress. ...
  6. Exercise. ...
  7. Diet. ...
  8. Seatbelt.

Do you live longer if you smile more? ›

American scientists recently studied an old photo of a team of baseball players, and found that those who smiled in the shot did indeed live longer. The big smilers lived an average of 79.9 years. The partial smilers, 75 years. The non-smilers, 72.9.

What is the happiness curve summary? ›

Life satisfaction decreases gradually after early adulthood, bottoms at mid-age, and then gradually rebounds. This U-shape is not an inevitability, it is a tendency. And while there can be other patterns (a linear increase, a sharp “V”) these are more rare.

What are the happiest stages of life? ›

Believe it or not, an analysis of 443 studies comprised of more than 460,000 participants found that the happiest time in people's lives is when they reach 70 years old. “We focused on changes in three central components of subjective well-being,” study co-author Professor Susanne Bücke explained in a statement.

What is the age trajectory of happiness? ›

With a model specification that avoids these four biases, we find an age-happiness trajectory that declines slowly over adulthood (altogether about half a scale point). The decline comes to a halt and we observe even a small increase (about one tenth of a scale point) during the golden ages.

What age do people enjoy the most? ›

The study, published in the academic journal Psychology Bulletin, is based on 443 samples from studies involving a total of 460,902 participants. Life satisfaction was found to decrease between the ages of 9 and 16, then increase again slightly until the age of 70.

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