General Abbreviations of ICT Study Notes for the Examinations (2024)

ICT means Information and Communications Technology. It refers to the technology used to deal with telecommunication, media broadcasting, building management systems, transmission systems, etc. General abbreviations in ICT always appear in the examination and it is very important for learners to know the exact meaning of each abbreviation to mark correct answers in the examination. Internet and related terms are stated here in this article.

In UGC-NET Paper 1 we can expect at least one question from this topic surely.

In this article, all the probable abbreviations have been mentioned for a better understanding of the learners.

General Abbreviations of ICT : Computer-Based

General abbreviations of ICT which are related to computer are explained below:

• MAC - The common abbreviation used for a sort of personal Computer Macintosh developed by the Apple Computer Company.
• PDF - PDF means Portable Document Format, a space to store files in.
• VGA - Video Graphics Array or VGA is a system for displaying videos which were developed by IBM.
• AGP - AGP means Accelerated Graphic Port which is a graphics hardware technology
• EPROM - Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, it is a type of chip that can retain data even after power shut.
• HDD - Hard Disk Drive, is a fixed disk that stores data using magnetic storage, one or more rigid rapidly rotating platters coated with magnetic material.
• PCI - Peripheral Component Interconnect, which is a standard for connecting computers and other peripherals.
• UNIVAC - Universal Automatic Computer, is one of the earliest computers.
• GUI - Graphic User Interface is a visual representation of communication presented to the user for easy interaction with the machine.
• MAN - Metropolitan Area Network, is a computer connecting network for the metropolitan area.
• ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange is a data encoding system for communication to be done electronically amongst computers.
• WAN - Wide Area Network, is a connection widely spread, not constrained to a specific location.
• EBCDIC - Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code is an IBM-developed data encoding system.
• EEPROM/EAPROM - Electrical Erasable/Alterable Programmable Read Only Memory is a memory type that can be erased and reprogrammed repeat
• ALU - Arithmetic and Logic Unit is part of a central processing unit that performs arithmetic and logical operations.
• DVD - Digital Vertypesatile Disc is a digital optical disc data storage format.
• CD - Compact Disk is a digital optical disc data storage format that was developed by Philips and Sony.
• ROM - ROM means Read Only Memory, is a type of computer storage containing non-volatile, permanent data which can be only read not written.
• VDU - Visual Display Unit encompasses all equipment with a graphic or alphanumeric screen for display.
• RAM - RAM means Random Access Memory, which is a form of computer memory that can be read and changed in any order and is used for storing working data and machine code.
• ICT - ICT means Information Communication Technology which refers to the combination of services and manufacturing industries.
• PROM - Programmable Read-Only Memory is a kind of digital memory where contents can be changed only once after being manufactured.
• IDE - IDE full for being Integrated Drive Electronics, is a software application that helps programmers develop software code efficiently.
• FORTRAN - FORTRAN means Formula Translator is a compiled programming language.
• MOS - Media Object Server is a protocol that is used in newsroom computer systems.
• ATX - Advanced Technology Extended, is a factor for desktop cases and applications.
• SIM - Subscriber Identification Module is a circuit to securely store the international mobile subscriber identity number.
• MHZ - Megahertz is a unit to measure transmissions through airwaves.
• ISP - Internet Service Provider is an internet service providing company.
• GHZ - Gigahertz is a unit to measure alternating current and electromagnetic wave frequencies.
• DBMS - Database Management System is a software management system.
• SQL - Structured Query Language is a programming language.
• RW — Re-Writeable, for eg., if it is CD-RW then this means compact disk which is rewriteable.
• SDT - Serial Data Transmission is a process of sending data one bit at a time.
• CAN - Campus Area Network is a network of several interconnected local area networks in a restricted geographical area.
• SIMMs - Single In-line Memory Module.
• PAN - Personal Area Network is an interconnection of personal technology devices to communicate over short distances.
• DIMMs - Dual In-line Memory Module.
• CMOS - Complimentary Metaoxide Semi-Conductor, is a system configuration stored in a battery-powered memory chip.
• ENIAC - Electronic Number Integrator And Calculator.
• EDSAC - Electronic Dialog Storage Automatic Computer, is the first programmable digital computer.
• IC - Integrated Circuit is a set of electronic circuits.
• LSIC - Large Scale Integrated Circuit.
• DIR - Directory is a type of file that contains only the information required to access files and other directories.
• GIGO - Gabbage In Garbage Out means that the quality of input determines the quality of output.
• PHP - PHP Hypertext Preprocessor is an open-source and general-purpose server-side scripting language used in web development.
• DOC - Document is an open source to record information permanently for reference later on.
• PDT - Parallel Data Transmission is a structure of transmission that shares multiple data bits at a smaller time over separate media.
• PDA - Personal Digital Assistant, are small handy devices that can be used in information storage and retrieval capabilities.
• USSD - Unstructured Supplementary Service Data is a communications service controlled by mobile network operators.
• WWW - World Wide Web is a system of interconnected webpages accessible via the internet.
• COBOL - Common Business Oriented Language is a compiler that takes a computer program written in a high-level language and converts it into another program.
• CCNP - Cisco Certified Network Professional is a person with Cisco Career Certification.
• BASIC - Beginner All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
• CEH - Certified Ethical Hacking is a certification program that teaches ethical hacking
• TCP - Transmission Control Protocol is a standard that defines how to maintain an established network conversation.
• CSS - Cascading Style Sheet, which describes how HTML elements are to be displayed on screen or paper.
• CISCO - Computer Information System Company provides software solutions.
• XXS - Cross Site Scripting, is injecting malicious scripts in trusted websites.
• XML - Extensible Mark-up Language, is a markup language related to arbitrary data.
• HTML - Hypertext Markup Language, is a standard markup language for web pages.
• CCNA - Cisco Certified Network Associate.
• RFI - Remote File Inclusion is an inclusion attack.
• DDOS - Distribution Denial Of Service, is an attack to disrupt normal traffic.
• VPN - Virtual Private Network explains the opportunity to establish a protected network connection when using public networks.
• SEO - Search Engine Optimization is a process of improving the quality and quantity of traffic on a web page.
• IP - Internet Protocol is a set of standards for catering to and routing data on the internet.

General Abbreviations of ICT: Operating Systems & Data Storage Based

General abbreviations and terminology of ICT related to the operating systems are listed below:

• BIOS - The Basic Input and Output System which controls the computer and related devices, it also tells us about the functions to be performed on the system. The instructions to be performed are embedded in a chip connected to the motherboard.
• BYTE - Byte is known as the data storage unit.
• K - K stands for kilobyte and is equivalent to 1024 bytes.
• MB - stands for megabyte which is a million bytes.
• GB - GB is Gigabyte which is 1000 megabytes
• CPU - CPU is called the brain of a computer. Its full form is the Central Processing Unit of the Computer.
• MAC - Media Access Control manages the way a network is accessed by computer terminals and transmits from one terminal to another.
• OS - OS is the computer’s Operating System. It is the most important program of the computer device which runs automatically once the device is switched on.
• PC - PC means the personal computer in the world of ICT.
• RAM - RAM is Random access memory, it is a type of computer memory that can be read and changed in any order.
• ROM - ROM is read-only memory, it is nonvolatile and cannot be altered.
• VGA - Visual Graphic Adaptor, means a form of the standard type of connection for video devices like monitors and projectors.
• WYSIWYG - This stands for “what you see is what you get” which means what you see on the monitors is what you will get as a print.

General Abbreviations of ICT: Internet Network Based

General abbreviations of ICT related to internet network are:

• FTP - File transfer protocol is a service that moves files between computers via the internet.
• HTML - Hyper Text Markup Language formats information so as to transport it on the internet.
• HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol is a protocol to access data on WWW.
• LAN - Local Area Network is a collection of devices constrained to a physical location such as a home.
• URL - URL means Uniform Resource Locator which is an address of a given unique resource on the web.
• USB - Universal Serial Bus, is an industry-defined standard for connectors, cables, and protocols for communication.
• VR - Virtual Reality is a three-dimensional scene on the computer, used in gaming as well.

After reading this the learners will be able to know about difference between internet and www.

Conclusion

General abbreviations of ICT are important as they are widely used in the concepts related to ICT. In order to learn the topics related to ICT it becomes very important to be equipped with these abbreviations. After knowing these abbreviations it will become easier for learners to know about the ICT in research.

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