In 2023, the United States imported about 8.51 million barrels per day (b/d) of petroleum from 86 countries. Petroleum includes crude oil, hydrocarbon gas liquids (HGLs), refined petroleum products such as gasoline and diesel fuel, and biofuels. Crude oil imports of about 6.48 million b/d accounted for about 76% of U.S. total gross petroleum imports.
In 2023, the United States exported about 10.15 million b/d of petroleum to 173 countries and 3 U.S. territories (American Samoa, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands). Crude oil exports of about 4.06 million b/d accounted for 40% of total U.S. gross petroleum exports. The resulting total net petroleum imports (imports minus exports) were about -1.64 million b/d, which means that the United States was a net petroleum exporter of 1.64 million b/d in 2023.
The top five source countries of U.S. gross petroleum imports in 2023 were Canada, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Brazil.
| Import sources | Gross imports | Exports | Net imports |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total, all countries | 8.51 | 10.15 | -1.64 |
| OPEC countries | 1.34 (16%) | 0.03 | 1.31 |
| Persian Gulf countries | 0.86 (10%) | 0.01 | 0.86 |
| Top five countries1 | |||
| Canada | 4.42 (52%) | 0.80 | 3.62 |
| Mexico | 0.91 (11%) | 1.17 | -0.26 |
| Saudi Arabia | 0.44 (5%) | 0.00 | 0.44 |
| Iraq | 0.32 (4%) | 0.00 | 0.32 |
| Brazil | 0.26 (3%) | 0.24 | 0.02 |
| Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Petroleum Supply Monthly, February 2024 Note: Ranking in the table is based on gross imports by country of origin. Net import volumes in the table may not equal gross imports minus exports because of independent rounding of data. | |||
The top five destination countries of U.S. total petroleum exports by export volume and percentage share of U.S. total petroleum exports in 2023 were:
- Mexico—1.17 million b/d—11%
- China—0.98 million b/d—10%
- The Netherlands—0.86 million b/d—9%
- Canada—0.80 million b/d—8%
- Japan—0.62 million b/d—6%
Learn more:
Detailed historical data on U.S. petroleum imports and exports
U.S. petroleum imports by country of origin
U.S. petroleum exports by destination
U.S. net petroleum imports by country
Today In Energy articles on oil/petroleum
This Week In Petroleum articles
Last updated: March 29, 2024; preliminary data.
Other FAQs about Oil/Petroleum
- When was the last refinery built in the United States?
- Does EIA have data on the movement (transport) of crude oil, biofuels, petroleum products, and propane by rail?
- What do I pay for in a gallon of gasoline and diesel fuel?
- How much coal, natural gas, or petroleum is used to generate a kilowatthour of electricity?
- What is the outlook for home heating fuel prices this winter?
- Does EIA have data on U.S. oil refineries and their locations?
- Does EIA have information on U.S. natural gas and oil pipelines?
- How much oil is consumed in the United States?
- How much oil is used to make plastic?
- What types and amounts of energy are produced in each state?
- How much shale (tight) oil is produced in the United States?
- What is the difference between crude oil, petroleum products, and petroleum?
- What are petroleum products, and what is petroleum used for?
- How many gallons of gasoline and diesel fuel are made from one barrel of oil?
- Does EIA have forecasts or projections for energy production, consumption, and prices for individual states?
- What is U.S. electricity generation by energy source?
- Does EIA have data on the type or quality of crude oil?
- What countries are the top producers and consumers of oil?
- How much oil consumed by the United States comes from foreign countries?
- Does EIA have county-level energy production data?
- How much petroleum does the United States import and export?
- Does EIA have information on unplanned disruptions or outages of U.S. energy infrastructure?
- How much of the crude oil produced in the United States is consumed in the United States?
- Does the world have enough oil to meet our future needs?
