As women across Iceland go on strike for equal pay, here's how the gender pay gap is fuelling other inequalities in women’s financial security (2024)

Table of Contents
The pension gap The rent gap FAQs

Tens of thousands of women in Iceland, including Prime Minister Katrín Jakobsdóttir, went on strike on Tuesday 24th October 2023 to protest the gender pay gap. The "kvennafrí", or women's day off, is Iceland’s first full-day women’s strike in 48 years.

“We have not yet reached our goals of full gender equality and we are still tackling the gender-based wage gap, which is unacceptable in 2023,” Jakobsdóttir told news website mbl.is. “We are still tackling gender-based violence, which has been a priority for my government to tackle.”

At least 25,000 women and non-binary people were at a rally in Reykjavík, with close to 40 organisations, including the Federation of the Public Workers Union, Iceland's largest association of public worker unions, joined the walkout.

Today, Iceland is the most gender-equal country in the world. However, it has 91.2 percent of its pay gap closed – not 100, which the strike is pushing for.

Closer to home, in the UK, it has been found that eight out of 10 companies pay men more than women. According to new research from the BBC, despite a continued push for equality, the wage difference is still 9.4%, the same level as in 2017/18, when companies were forced to publish figures.

Romi Savova, chief executive of pension provider PensionBee, said that the latest data was "bad news" and it was "pretty astounding" that the gender pay gap remained at the same level compared to five years ago.

Ms Savova told the BBC's Today programme that the "main culprit" for the difference was that major corporations were setting "unambitious targets" for getting women into senior positions.

"You can look around many rooms and still see that they are unequally filled and unequally represented," she said.

Banking and finance remain among the worst offenders, with women earning, on average, 22% less than their male colleagues, but it's not alone. The gender pay gap has continued to widen across many sectors, including education, where it has increased by 0.9 percentage points.

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Large businesses that have some of the widest gaps in pay between men and women include EasyJet, Lloyds Bank division and Savills. At EasyJet, despite an improvement from last year, the average woman takes home just 53p for every £1 earned by men.

And this all comes after analysis back in February found that women work for free for nearly two months a year in comparison to men, according to the Trades Union Congress.

The organisation released the research on 23 February, also finding that the average gender pay gap for all employees stands at 14.9%, with the highest pay gap (20.8%) occurring for women between the ages of 50 and 59.

With International Women’s Day on the way and all of the related lip service and hypocrisy — perfectly highlighted by the viral Gender Pay Gap Bot Twitter account — fresh in our minds, how our gender affects our financial wellbeing is understandably front of mind for many of us. As the cost of living rises sharply, it’s vital that employers work to correct this inequality as quickly as possible, especially as the central pay gap issue is causing other gaps in women’s financial wellbeing and security. Here are a few of the ways that being paid less can ripple out into other areas of our financial lives — and what we can do to mitigate them:

The pension gap

Perhaps the most terrifying of all the gaps, the gender pension gap shows the compound effect of a woman earning consistently less over the course of her life, as well as taking time out for things like maternity leave and other caring responsibilities, or working part-time in order to accommodate childcare. According to Scottish Widows, the average 20 year old woman is on course to have £100,000 less in pension savings than the average man by the time she retires, while Now:Pensions’ comprehensive report into the same issue highlights how this gap is further exacerbated by other factors such as race, single parenthood and disability.

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As part of this report, Now:Pensions have suggested some policy changes that would help to close the pension gap, including a family carer top-up for people taking time out of work or working part time to accommodate caring responsibilities, an increase in tax relief on pensions and the removal of the lower earnings limit on pensions, so that pension contributions are made on every pound earned. On an individual level, however, it’s vital that women are thinking about their pension and later-life financial security as early as possible, and contributing to a workplace or private pension as soon as they’re able to do so. Pensions should also be raised in any conversations about starting a family, as this is where women stand to lose out on huge chunks of pension savings.

The rent gap

Young people in general are finding it more and more difficult to keep their rent at a manageable level in proportion to their salaries, but this issue is even more pressing for young women. People spending more than 30% of their take-home pay on rent are considered ‘rent-burdened’, while those spending more than 50% are considered ‘severely rent-burdened’ and, according to SpareRoom, the proportion of women classified as ‘rent-burdened’ is a shocking 85% - 10% more than their male counterparts.

As women across Iceland go on strike for equal pay, here's how the gender pay gap is fuelling other inequalities in women’s financial security (2024)

FAQs

How was Iceland able to close the gender pay gap and move toward gender equality? ›

Iceland owes its progress in narrowing the gender-based wage gap to a decades-long equal-rights movement and targeted public policies, including paid childbirth leave and government-subsidized preschool. This experience closely aligns with the insights of Nobel laureate economist Claudia Goldin.

What was the effect of the gender equality strike in Iceland? ›

The Women's Strike led to the Icelandic parliament passing a gender equality bill in 1976, thus adopting an official gender policy in the country. Though the Women's Strike of 1975 was generally regarded as a success and a victory for women, Icelanders continue to strive for gender equality and women's rights.

How does the gender pay gap affect women? ›

The wage gap is larger for mothers and results in employment-related losses of more than $295,000 over a lifetime. This results in women having lower average incomes in retirement and less financial stability in old age. Discrimination remains a likely leading cause of the gender wage gap.

What country has the worst gender pay gap? ›

As of 2022, Belgium is the country with the most equal pay between the genders of OECD countries. The gender pay gap was at 1.1 percent. South Korea, on the other hand, is the country with the highest gender pay gap of the OECD countries, with a 31.2 percent difference between the genders.

What makes Iceland so gender equal? ›

The State of Equality in Iceland

Important legislation has been passed to ensure a more equal society, such as legislation to increase the number of women in leadership positions, and to combat gender-based and sexual violence and harassment.

What is the gender pay gap report in Iceland? ›

Iceland's mean gender pay gap is standing at 9.33% with the median gender pay gap standing at 8.76%.

What is the inequality in Iceland? ›

In 2022, inequality was relatively low in Iceland in comparison with other European countries. The Gini coefficient in Iceland was the third lowest in Europe, with an index of 24.2, whereas the average Gini coefficient among European Union countries stood at 29.6.

What is the Act on gender equality in Iceland? ›

The Icelandic legislation on gender equality is Act on Equal Status and Equal Rights Irrespective of Gender, No. 150/2020. The objective of the Act is to prevent discrimination on the basis of gender and to maintain gender equality and equal opportunities for the genders in all spheres of society.

What was the result of the women's strike for equality? ›

Despite initial obstacles and setbacks, Friedan declared the event a success. Including the protests and demonstrations throughout the country, she proclaimed, "It exceeded my wildest dreams. It's now a political movement and the message is clear".

What is the biggest reason for gender pay gap? ›

Most of the disparity in women and men's pay cannot be explained by measurable differences between them. Out of the causes of the wage gap that we can measure, the main contributor is that women are more likely than men to work in low-paying jobs that offer fewer benefits. Education.

Do women actually get paid less for the same job? ›

DO WOMEN GET PAID LESS FOR THE SAME JOB? Women's labor is undervalued in the United States. Even when a woman is as qualified as a man for the same role, she is likely to be underpaid. When you look at all wage earners, the average woman is paid 78 cents per $1 paid to the average man.

How to solve the gender pay gap? ›

So, there is currently a significant need for employers to focus on ways in which the Gender Pay Gap can be overcome.
  1. Start with transparency over pay. ...
  2. Reassess promotions, bonuses and benefits. ...
  3. Increase female salaries. ...
  4. Encourage men to take parental leave. ...
  5. Offer some help with childcare. ...
  6. Encourage remote working.

Which country has no gender gap? ›

World's 10 most gender-equal countries:
RankCountryOverall score
1Iceland0.935
2Finland0.875
3Norway0.875
4New Zealand0.835
8 more rows
Jun 24, 2024

What country is #1 on the gender equality index? ›

The global gender gap index benchmarks national gender gaps on economic, political, education, and health-based criteria. In 2024, the country offering most gender equal conditions was Iceland with a score of 0.94. Overall, the Nordic countries make up four of the five most gender equal countries in the world.

What job has the worst gender pay gap? ›

Of the 20 largest occupations for women studied as part of IWPR's research, the five with the worst pay inequities were:
  • Financial Managers, where women only earn 71% of what men earn.
  • Retail Salesperson—72%
  • Education and Childcare Administrators—79%
  • Administrative Assistants—80%
  • Managers—81%
Mar 7, 2024

What is the gender equality legislation in Iceland? ›

In 2020 the Government passed an amendment to the Act on Equal Status and Equal Rights of Women and Men. In 2017 it was made mandatory for all firms and institutions with 25 or more employees to obtain a Pay Equality Certification but in the new amendment it is also possible to obtain a Pay Equality Confirmation.

How can we close the gap of gender inequality? ›

Closing the Gender Pay Gap
  1. Protecting and Increasing Abortion Access. ...
  2. Ensuring Contraception Options Are Accessible and Affordable. ...
  3. Providing Affordable, Accessible, and High-Quality Child Care. ...
  4. Ensuring Families Have the Resources To Care for Older Adults. ...
  5. Closing the Gender Pay Gap.
Mar 14, 2024

How the gender pay gap could be reduced? ›

This would involve: raising and extending minimum wage floors to reduce the penalties that come from being at the bottom of the wage hierarchy; improving the valuation of women's work through strengthening legal and collective regulation; extending gender pay audits and action plans; and improving women's employment ...

What is the Equal Pay Act in Iceland 1961? ›

Equal Pay Act in Iceland

Already in 1961, the Icelandic Parliament approved the Equal Pay Act to ensure equal remuneration for women and men for equal work or work of equal value. The gender pay gap ranged relatively constantly around 15 to 16 per cent.

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