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Memory Basics
Memory is the most essential element of a computing system because without it computer can’t perform simple tasks. Computer memory is of two basic type – Primary memory(RAM and ROM) and Secondary memory(hard drive,CD,etc.). Random Access Memory (RAM) is primary-volatile memory and Read Only Memory (ROM) is primary-non-volatile memory.
- Random Access Memory (RAM)
- It is also called asread write memoryor themain memoryor theprimary memory.
- The programs and data that the CPU requires during execution of a program are stored in this memory.
- It is a volatile memory as the data loses when the power is turned off.
- RAM is further classified into two types-SRAM (Static Random Access Memory)andDRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory).
- Read Only Memory (ROM)
- Stores crucial information essential to operate the system, like the program essential to boot the computer.
- It is not volatile.
- Always retains its data.
- Used in embedded systems or where the programming needs no change.
- Used in calculators and peripheral devices.
- ROM is further classified into 4 types-ROM,PROM,EPROM, andEEPROM.
Types of Read Only Memory (ROM) –
- PROM (Programmable read-only memory)– It can be programmed by user. Once programmed, the data and instructions in it cannot be changed.
- EPROM (Erasable Programmable read only memory)– It can be reprogrammed. To erase data from it, expose it to ultra violet light. To reprogram it, erase all the previous data.
- EEPROM (Electrically erasable programmable read only memory)– The data can be erased by applying electric field, no need of ultra violet light. We can erase only portions of the chip.
Adapted from:
"Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read Only Memory (ROM)"byDeepanshi_Mittal,Geeks for Geeksis licensed underCC BY-SA 4.0
