50% of Liquidity Providers Lose Money: Here is How To Avoid That - Chain Debrief (2024)

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  • Chain Debrief
  • September 7, 2023
  • 10 mins read

50% of Liquidity Providers Lose Money: Here is How To Avoid That - Chain Debrief (1)

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Decentralized Exchanges (DEXs) use Automated Market Makers (AMM) to execute trades autonomously.

Here the user trades against liquidity pools, which are provided by liquidity Providers (LP). Liquidity pools are primarily in pairs e.g. ETH/USD.

Trading fees generated by the DEX incentivize liquidity providers

Providing liquidity for DEXs is a type of yield farming and some investors see it as more profitable than just buying and holding because LPs receive rewards from trading fees.

However, LPs lose money due to Impermanent Loss (IL).

This occurs when LPs deposit into a liquidity pool and the price of the tokens change.

The larger the change in price of the tokens compared to when they were deposited the larger the loss.

For example:

Luke is a liquidity provider who wishes to commit $200 to a liquidity pool that contains ETH/USDC pair.

This is a 50/50 pool which means that both tokens in the pair must be equivalent in value.

If 1 ETH is $100 and 1 USDC is $1 therefore 1 ETH is 100 USDC. Luke will commit his $200 to the pool by 1 ETH/ 100 USDC.

Now there is a total of 10 ETH/10,000 USDC in the pool deposited by other LPs Luke is therefore entitled to 10% of the liquidity pool.

After Luke commits his $200 the price of ETH rallied to $400 this creates a discrepancy in the price of ETH in the pool and the price of ETH in the market (other exchanges). As ETH in the pool is cheaper than ETH in the market.

This creates an arbitrage opportunity, arbitrage traders will add USDC to the pool to get ETH until the ratio reflects the current price of ETH.

Now the ratio between ETH/USDC in the pool has changed and there is now 5 BTC and 2,000 USDC in the pool.

If Luke withdrawal his 10% from the pool he will now get 0.5 BTC and 200 USDC both will give him $400

He made a profit right? Well if Luke had just simply used $100 to buy BTC and USDC and hodl he would have now had $500 in total.

So this difference of $100 is his impermanent loss the opportunity cost of him providing liquidity instead of holding.

Well technically the loss becomes permanent if Luke exits the pool but if he does not withdraw his deposit from the pool, there is a chance that the price of BTC will return back to 100 USDC hence why it is called impermanent loss.

So in other to not end up like Luke in this example and the other 50% of LPs who are losing funds here are ways to avoid and mitigate impermanent loss.

Provide Liquidity for Stablecoins

Remember in the example change in price (volatility) create arbitrage opportunity so it is wise to provide liquidity for stablecoin pairs where is hardly any price movement which reduces the risk of IL.

Provide liquidity for tokens that move hand-in-hand

One way to mitigate impermanent loss is by providing liquidity for tokens whose price action correlates i.e. they move the same way. This will make it hard for the changes in price to be taken advantage of by arbitragers.

Provide liquidity for one-sided pools

Some protocols like Bancor allow users to provide liquidity for one-sided pools, here a token is not paired with another and they earn fees for the LP for committing his token to the protocol.

But beware of the volatility of that token quick example:

If Luke commits 1 BTC to a protocol that offers a 10% reward in fees annually and 1 BTC is worth $100 all things being equal at the end of the year Luke will have 1.1 BTC worth $110.

But if the price of BTC falls to $50, Luke will still get his 10% reward which will amount to 1.1BTC but will only be worth $55 this is a loss.

Provide liquidity in pools that are not in a 50/50 ratio

Generally, liquidity pools offer a 50/50 ratio as they prioritize creating a balance pool and the chance of impermanent loss is higher with this ratio.

Some DEXs like Balancer allow Liquidity providers to commit their funds to different ratios like 80/20 or 70/30

This way the more volatile of the pair will be in a small ratio helping LP mitigate against IL.

Provide liquidity into reputable DEXs

Apart from impairment loss LPs can also lose funds to malicious actors who pose will pools will high returns also for liquidity providers only to get rug pulled as malicious developers drain the liquidity within the pool causing LP to lose their deposit.

All in all, when looking to provide liquidity you should be looking for tokens with low volatility in such a way that in the face of price changes, the trading fees paid to LPs will outweigh the impermanent loss and you will still be in profit.

Also Read: Top 10 Yield Farming Opportunities For Ethereum (2023)

[Editor’s Note: This article does not represent financial advice. Please do your own research before investing.]

Featured Image Credit: ChainDebrief

Author: Godwin Okhaifo

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50% of Liquidity Providers Lose Money: Here is How To Avoid That - Chain Debrief (2024)

FAQs

How do liquidity providers lose money? ›

Impermanent Loss occurs when liquidity providers deposit assets into a liquidity pool and the prices of the tokens within that pool change. The larger the price fluctuations compared to when the assets were initially deposited, the greater the loss for the LP.

What are the losses that liquidity providers have? ›

Impermanent Loss: Impermanent loss occurs when the price of the assets in the liquidity pool changes relative to the price outside of the pool. Liquidity providers can experience financial losses when withdrawing their assets.

Is being a liquidity provider worth it? ›

Essentially, as the relative prices of assets in a pool change, a liquidity provider might end up with less value than if they had simply held onto the tokens outside the pool. Over time, if the token prices revert, this loss can be mitigated, hence the term 'impermanent.

How to avoid impermanent loss? ›

There are three ways to mitigate the risks associated with impermanent loss.
  1. Use Stablecoins. The most straightforward way to avoid impermanent loss is to provide liquidity in stablecoin pools. ...
  2. Only Provide Liquidity During Low Volatility. ...
  3. Multiple Asset Pools.

Do liquidity providers make money? ›

In the equities space, many stock exchanges rely on liquidity providers who make the commitment to provide liquidity in a given equity. These liquidity providers commit to providing liquidity in the hopes that they will be able to make a profit on the bid-ask spread.

What is the liquidity provider fee? ›

Liquidity provider fees​

There is a 0.3% fee for swapping tokens. This fee is split by liquidity providers proportional to their contribution to liquidity reserves. Swapping fees are immediately deposited into liquidity reserves.

What does it mean to lose liquidity? ›

What Is a Liquidity Crisis? A liquidity crisis is a financial situation characterized by a lack of cash or easily-convertible-to-cash assets on hand across many businesses or financial institutions simultaneously.

How do banks lose liquidity? ›

For banks, liquidity risk arises naturally from certain aspects of their day-to-day operations. For example, banks tend to fund long-term loans (like mortgages) with short-term liabilities (like deposits). This maturity mismatch creates liquidity risk if depositors withdraw funds suddenly.

Who are the liquidity providers? ›

Liquidity providers perform important functions in the market such as encouraging price stability, limiting volatility, reducing spreads, and making trading more cost-effective. Banks, financial institutions, and trading firms are key players in providing liquidity to different parts of the financial markets.

Is liquidity hard to sell? ›

Liquidity generally refers to how easily or quickly a security can be bought or sold in a secondary market. Liquid investments can be sold readily and without paying a hefty fee to get money when it is needed.

How to profit from liquidity? ›

Choosing a Liquidity Pool for liquidity provision

Higher trading volume boosts profits for liquidity providers, but pools with lower TVL and higher trading volume are usually more profitable. In simple terms, look for pools with high trading volume and low TVL for better long-term profits.

How do I choose a liquidity provider? ›

LPs are crucial in financial institutions, impacting transaction efficiency, pricing, and trade execution. Key criteria for identifying the best liquidity providers include regulatory compliance, financial stability, robust technology infrastructure, competitive pricing, diverse instruments, etc.

Can you lose money in liquidity mining? ›

As you can see, liquidity mining can be rather complex and time consuming, and can expose you to risks, including impermanent loss.

How do you stop liquidity mining? ›

On the Web app: To remove Liquidity from Liquidity Mining, please go to your Liquidity Mining Page, scroll down until you see "My Liquidity", and then you can on the right side of the pool under "Actions", click "Remove".

How to recover from impermanent loss? ›

It is possible to recover from impermanent loss if the ratio of the asset values in the liquidity pools returns to previous levels. However, it's not guaranteed that two uncorrelated assets will return to previous levels after a large change in price.

Can you lose money liquidity mining? ›

As you can see, liquidity mining can be rather complex and time consuming, and can expose you to risks, including impermanent loss.

What are the risks of crypto liquidity provider? ›

Impermanent Loss: One of the biggest risks associated with becoming a liquidity provider is impermanent loss. It occurs when a token's price change causes a user's share in a liquidity pool to be worth less than the value of their deposit.

How does liquidity go down? ›

At the root of a liquidity crisis are widespread maturity mismatching among banks and other businesses and a resulting lack of cash and other liquid assets when they are needed. Liquidity crises can be triggered by large, negative economic shocks or by normal cyclical changes in the economy.

What is the downside of liquidity? ›

There are downsides to liquidity. Liquidity can undermine a disciplined investment plan. For example, it can exacerbate emotional investing, both out of fear and out of greed. Financial liquidity can also lead to lower returns as investors miss out on potential liquidity premiums that can come with illiquid assets.

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