The global forex market is the largest financial market in the world and the potential to reap profits in the arena entices foreign-exchangetraders of all levels: from greenhorns just learning about financial markets to well-seasoned professionals with years of trading experience. Because access to the market is easy—with round-the-clock sessions, significant leverage, and relatively low costs—many forex traders quickly enter the market, but then quickly exit after experiencing losses and setbacks. Here are 10 tips to help aspiring traders avoid losing money and stay in the game in the competitive world of forex trading.
Do Your Homework
Just because forex is easy to get intodoesn’t mean due diligence should be avoided. Learning about forex is integral to a trader’s success. While the majority of trading knowledge comes from live trading and experience, a trader should learn everything about the forex markets, including the geopolitical and economic factors that affect a trader’s preferred currencies.
Key Takeaways
- In order to avoid losing money in foreign exchange, do your homework and look for a reputable broker.
- Use a practice account before you go live and be sure to keep analysis techniques to a minimum in order for them to be effective.
- It's important to use proper money management techniques and to start small when you go live.
- Control the amount of leverage and keep a trading journal.
- Be sure to understand the tax implications and treat your trading as a business.
Homework is an ongoing effort as traders need to be prepared to adapt to changing market conditions, regulations, and world events. Part of this research process involves developing a trading plan—a systematic method for screening and evaluating investments, determining the amount of risk that is or should be taken, and formulating short-term and long-term investment objectives.
Find a Reputable Broker
The forex industry has much less oversight than other markets, so it is possible to end up doing business with a less-than-reputable forex broker. Due to concerns about the safety of deposits and the overall integrity of a broker, forex traders should only open an account with a firm that is a member of the National Futures Association (NFA) and is registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) as a futures commission merchant. Each country outside the United States has its own regulatory body with which legitimate forex brokers should be registered.
Traders should also research each broker’s account offerings, including leverage amounts, commissions and spreads, initial deposits, and account funding and withdrawal policies. A helpful customer service representative should have the information and will be able to answer any questions regarding the firm’s services and policies.
Use a Practice Account
Nearly all trading platforms come with a practice account, sometimes called a simulated account or demo account, which allow traders to place hypothetical trades without a funded account. Perhaps the most important benefit of a practice account is that it allows a trader to become adept at order-entry techniques.
Few things are as damaging to a trading account (and a trader’s confidence) as pushing the wrong button when opening or exiting a position. It is not uncommon, for example, for a new trader to accidentally add to a losing position instead of closing the trade. Multiple errors in order entry can lead to large, unprotected losing trades. Aside from the devastating financial implications, making trading mistakes is incredibly stressful. Practice makes perfect. Experiment with order entries before placing real money on the line.
$6.6 trillion
The average daily amount of trading in the global forex market.
Keep Charts Clean
Once a forex trader opens an account, it may be tempting to take advantage of all the technical analysis tools offered by the trading platform. While many of these indicators are well-suited to the forex markets, it is important to remember to keep analysis techniques to a minimum in order for them to be effective. Using multiples of the same types of indicators, such as two volatility indicators or two oscillators, for example, can become redundant and can even give opposing signals. This should be avoided.
Any analysis technique that is not regularly used to enhance trading performance should be removed from the chart. In addition to the tools that are applied to the chart, pay attention to the overall look of the workspace. The chosen colors, fonts, and types of price bars (line, candle bar, range bar, etc.) should create an easy-to-read-and-interpret chart, allowing the trader to respond more effectively to changing market conditions.
Protect Your Trading Account
While there is much focus on making money in forex trading, it is important to learn how to avoid losing money. Proper money management techniques are an integral part of the process. Many veteran traders would agree that one can enter a position at any price and still make money—it’s how one gets out of the trade that matters.
Part of this is knowing when to accept your losses and move on. Always using a protective stop loss—astrategy designed to protect existing gains or thwart further losses by means of a stop-loss order or limit order—is an effective way to make sure that losses remain reasonable. Traders can also consider using a maximum daily loss amount beyond which all positions would be closed and no new trades initiated until the next trading session.
While traders should have plans to limit losses, it is equally essential to protect profits. Money management techniques such as utilizing trailing stops(a stop order that can be set at a defined percentage away from a security’s current market price)can help preserve winnings while still giving a trade room to grow.
Start Small When Going Live
Once a trader has done their homework, spent time with a practice account, and has a trading plan in place, it may be time to go live—that is, start trading with real money at stake. No amount of practice trading can exactly simulate real trading.As such, it is vital to start small when going live.
Factors like emotions and slippage(the difference between the expected price of a trade and the price at which the trade is actually executed)cannot be fully understood and accounted for until trading live. Additionally, a trading plan that performed like a champ in backtesting results or practice trading could, in reality, fail miserably when applied to a live market. By starting small, a trader can evaluate their trading plan and emotions, and gain more practice in executing precise order entries—without risking the entire trading account in the process.
Use Reasonable Leverage
Forex trading is unique in the amount of leverage that is afforded to its participants. One reason forex appeals to active traders is the opportunity to make potentially large profits with a very small investment—sometimes as little as $50. Properly used, leverage does provide the potential for growth. But leverage can just as easily amplify losses.
A trader can control the amount of leverage used by basing position size on the account balance. For example, if a trader has $10,000 in a forex account, a $100,000 position (one standard lot) would utilize 10:1 leverage. While the trader could open a much larger position if they were to maximize leverage, a smaller position will limit risk.
Keep Good Records
A trading journal is an effective way to learn from both losses and successes in forex trading. Keeping a record of trading activity containing dates, instruments, profits, losses, and, perhaps most important, the trader’s own performance and emotions can be incredibly beneficial to growing as a successful trader. When periodically reviewed, a trading journal provides important feedback that makes learning possible. Einstein once said that “insanity is doing the same thing over and over and expecting different results.” Without a trading journal and good record keeping, traders are likely to continue making the same mistakes, minimizing their chances of becoming profitable and successful traders.
Know Tax Impact and Treatment
It is important to understand the tax implications and treatment of forex trading activity in order to be prepared at tax time. Consulting with a qualified accountant or tax specialist can help avoid any surprises and can help individuals take advantage of various tax laws, such as marked-to-market accounting (recording the value of an asset to reflect its current market levels).
Since tax laws change regularly, it is prudent to develop a relationship with a trusted and reliable professional who can guide and manage all tax-related matters.
Treat Trading as a Business
It is essential to treat forex trading as a businessand to remember that individual wins and losses don’t matter in the short run. It is how the trading business performs over time that is important. As such, traders should try to avoid becoming overly emotional about either wins or losses, and treat each as just another day at the office.
As with any business, forex trading incurs expenses, losses, taxes, risk, and uncertainty. Also, just as small businesses rarely become successful overnight, neither do most forex traders. Planning, setting realistic goals, staying organized, and learning from both successes and failures will help ensure a long, successful career as a forex trader.
The Bottom Line
The worldwide forex market is attractive to many traders because of the low account requirements, round-the-clock trading, and access to high amounts of leverage. When approached as a business, forex trading can be profitable and rewarding, but reaching a level of success is extremely challenging and can take a long time. Traders can improve their odds by taking steps to avoid losses: doing research, not over-leveraging positions, using sound money management techniques, and approaching forex trading as a business.
